IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i9p7088-d1131021.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Integrated Nanogrid for the Impressed Current Cathodic Protection System in Desalination Plant

Author

Listed:
  • R. Ramanavasu

    (Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India)

  • K. Vijayakumar

    (Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India)

  • S. George Fernandez

    (Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India)

Abstract

The impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) scheme is a more reliable and efficient method of corrosion prevention mechanism than the sacrificial method. Currently, the grid connected transformer rectifier units supported with a battery banks are used for the ICCP-based corrosion protection system in the desalination plant. This conventional method is entirely grid-dependent, more expensive, and suffers during prolonged grid failure. The present trend of industrialization is the application of multi-renewable energy sources based on a nanogrid to power the station’s auxiliary power supply. This paper introduces a concept of distributed energy resources (DERs) operated integrated nanogrid (ING) system to provide a stable power supply solution to the ICCP scheme. A 100-million-litter per day capacity-based seawater desalination plant (SWDP) in India has been chosen as the test station. The conceptual hardware design and operational logic details for smooth integration of the integrated nanogrid module into the ICCP scheme of the Desalination plant is proposed. This research aims to investigate the behaviour of DERs during on-grid, off-grid and switching over from one mode of operation to another and vice-versa by using the accelerated Gauss–Seidel method in ETAP software (version 16.0.0). The simulation results confirm that the ING suffers from a high-frequency change rate during islanded operation, and in some cases, a complete blackout occurs. A PLC-based Smart Versatile ING Controller has been suggested to overcome the blackout issue. Finally, it has been proven that the stability of an industrial power system can be improved further by introducing the ING module into it.

Suggested Citation

  • R. Ramanavasu & K. Vijayakumar & S. George Fernandez, 2023. "Integrated Nanogrid for the Impressed Current Cathodic Protection System in Desalination Plant," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-22, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:7088-:d:1131021
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/9/7088/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/9/7088/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lilly, M.T. & Ihekwoaba, S.C. & Ogaji, S.O.T. & Probert, S.D., 2007. "Prolonging the lives of buried crude-oil and natural-gas pipelines by cathodic protection," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(9), pages 958-970, September.
    2. Tiba, C. & de Oliveira, E.M., 2012. "Utilization of cathodic protection for transmission towers through photovoltaic generation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 150-156.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Delfani, Fatemeh & Rahbar, Nader & Aghanajafi, Cyrus & Heydari, Ali & KhalesiDoost, Abdollah, 2021. "Utilization of thermoelectric technology in converting waste heat into electrical power required by an impressed current cathodic protection system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).
    2. Oliver-Solà, Jordi & Gabarrell, Xavier & Rieradevall, Joan, 2009. "Environmental impacts of natural gas distribution networks within urban neighborhoods," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(10), pages 1915-1924, October.
    3. Hao Liu & Kaizhi Liu & Yiqi Xiao & Peng Zhang & Meixia Zhang & Youzeng Zhu & Kaixin Liu & Tianshuo Xu & Rui Huang, 2022. "Properties of Lightweight Controlled Low-Strength Materials Using Construction Waste and EPS for Oil and Gas Pipelines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-11, June.
    4. Mohsin, R. & Majid, Z.A. & Yusof, M.Z., 2014. "Safety distance between underground natural gas and water pipeline facilities," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 53-60.
    5. Mahdi Abravani & Hassan Saghi, 2017. "Introducing a Novel Flexible Conjunction System to Pressure Control in Water Distribution Networks," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(13), pages 4323-4338, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:7088-:d:1131021. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.