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Analysis of Apple Fruit ( Malus × domestica Borkh.) Quality Attributes Obtained from Organic and Integrated Production Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Milica Fotirić Akšić

    (Department Fruit Science and Viticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Dragana Dabić Zagorac

    (Innovative Centre Faculty of Chemistry Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Uroš Gašić

    (Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Tomislav Tosti

    (Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Maja Natić

    (Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Mekjell Meland

    (NIBIO Ullensvang, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ullensvangvegen 1005, 5781 Lofthus, Norway)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare total phenolic content (TPC), radical-scavenging activity (RSA), total anthocyanin content (TAC), sugar and polyphenolic profiles of two apple cultivars (‘Discovery’ and ‘Red Aroma Orelind’) from organic and integrated production systems in climatic conditions of Western Norway. Sixteen sugars and four sugar alcohols and 19 polyphenols were found in the peel, but less polyphenols were detected in the pulp. The peel of both apples and in both production systems had significantly higher TPC and RSA than the pulp. The peel from integrated apples had higher TPC than the peel from organic apples, while organic apples had higher TAC than the integrated. Sucrose and glucose levels were higher in organic apples; fructose was cultivar dependent while minor sugars were higher in integrated fruits. The most abundant polyphenolic compound in the peel of the tested cultivars was quercetin 3- O -galactoside, while chlorogenic acid was most abundant in the pulp. Regarding polyphenols, phloretin, phloridzin, protocatechuic acid, baicalein and naringenin were higher in organic apple, while quercetin 3- O -galactoside, kaempferol 3- O -glucoside, chlorogenic acid and syringic acid was higher in integrated fruits. In conclusion, organic ‘Discovery’ and integrated ‘Red Aroma Orelind’ had higher bioavailability of health related compounds from the peel and the pulp.

Suggested Citation

  • Milica Fotirić Akšić & Dragana Dabić Zagorac & Uroš Gašić & Tomislav Tosti & Maja Natić & Mekjell Meland, 2022. "Analysis of Apple Fruit ( Malus × domestica Borkh.) Quality Attributes Obtained from Organic and Integrated Production Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:5300-:d:803992
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Timothy C. Durham & Tamás Mizik, 2021. "Comparative Economics of Conventional, Organic, and Alternative Agricultural Production Systems," Economies, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-22, April.
    2. Benjamin L. Campbell & Saneliso Mhlanga & Isabelle Lesschaeve, 2013. "Perception versus Reality: Canadian Consumer Views of Local and Organic," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 61(4), pages 531-558, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Boris Rilak & Ivan Glišić & Milan Lukić & Tomo Milošević & Jelena Tomić & Mira Milinković, 2023. "Influence of pre-harvest calcium spray on fruit quality of apple cultivars during cold storage," Horticultural Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 50(4), pages 262-274.
    2. repec:caa:jnlhor:v:preprint:id:127-2022-hortsci is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Jun Ma & Xiaolong Li & Yannan Chu & Haiying Yue & Zehua Xu & Baiyun Li & Xianyi Wu & Jun Gan & Yonghua Jia, 2024. "Characterization of Changes in Ripening Process of Volatile Apple Compounds Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS Analysis," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-20, October.

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