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Modular Regulators of Water Level in Ditches of Subirrigation Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Sławomir Bajkowski

    (Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Janusz Urbański

    (Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Ryszard Oleszczuk

    (Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Piotr Siwicki

    (Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Andrzej Brandyk

    (Water Centre, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-766 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Zbigniew Popek

    (Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

Economical management of water resources involves water management on a national scale, including river basins and catchment areas, as well as on the scale of drainage systems. One of the devices for controlling the outflow of groundwater from a network of ditches is a flow regulator. In this work, three flow regulators were studied for their water damming capacity in the drainage network and the adjacent ground with the aim of determining their hydraulic characteristics and operating conditions. The adjustment consisted of changing the closing height in order to obtain the required damming level in a ditch. All three tested regulators were characterized by the presence of effective flow Q e , the value of which was determined for different damming levels. Water leaks occurred mainly in places where the damming elements were embedded in vertical guides and, to a lesser extent, at the horizontal joints of successively placed beams. The impact of the overflow shape and the development of the crest line on the obtained flow rate increase was different for the tested S, U, and Z models. The expansion coefficient of the overflow crest equaled k r = 1.0 for the rectilinear S regulator, k r = 1.58 for the labyrinth U regulator, and k r = 1.74 for the compound Z regulator. For the S4 variant, the modular total flow factor reached k Q = 1.19 for the elevation of the upper water above the overflow H = 14.9 cm. The U2 variant was characterized by a modular flow coefficient of k Q = 1.48 for H = 10.7 cm. For the Z1 variant with a cylindrical corner shape, the modular flow coefficient value was k Q = 1.60 for H = 8.2 cm in elevation. For the Z2 variant with an angular corner shape, k Q = 1.63 for H = 8.4 cm.

Suggested Citation

  • Sławomir Bajkowski & Janusz Urbański & Ryszard Oleszczuk & Piotr Siwicki & Andrzej Brandyk & Zbigniew Popek, 2022. "Modular Regulators of Water Level in Ditches of Subirrigation Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:7:p:4103-:d:783391
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mariusz Sojka & Michał Kozłowski & Rafał Stasik & Michał Napierała & Barbara Kęsicka & Rafał Wróżyński & Joanna Jaskuła & Daniel Liberacki & Jerzy Bykowski, 2019. "Sustainable Water Management in Agriculture—The Impact of Drainage Water Management on Groundwater Table Dynamics and Subsurface Outflow," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-18, August.
    2. Sunohara, Mark D. & Gottschall, Natalie & Craiovan, Emilia & Wilkes, Graham & Topp, Edward & Frey, Steven K. & Lapen, David R., 2016. "Controlling tile drainage during the growing season in Eastern Canada to reduce nitrogen, phosphorus, and bacteria loading to surface water," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 159-170.
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