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Air Pollution and Public Bike-Sharing System Ridership in the Context of Sustainable Development Goals

Author

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  • Jooho Park

    (Department of Policy and Planning Sciences, Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan)

  • Yasushi Honda

    (Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan)

  • Sayaka Fujii

    (Faculty of Engineering, Information and Systems, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan)

  • Satbyul Estella Kim

    (Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan)

Abstract

A bicycle-sharing system (BSS) has been implemented in Seoul, South Korea to promote green transportation policy as a Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) to mitigate climate change, reduce traffic jams, and promote physical activity. However, the concentration of air pollutants in Seoul often exceeds the standards of the World Health Organization, thereby creating a conflict with SDG 3 (Health). Therefore, it is important to recognize the trade-offs between actions targeted at SDGs as they might offset each other. In this context, a primary concern is investigating how the behavior of BSS users regarding outdoor air pollution appears. This study explores the relationship between ambient air pollution and the behavior of BSS riders in Seoul. We conducted a time-series analysis of associations between particulate air pollution and participation in the BSS. We used generalized additive models, adjusted for mean temperature, humidity, rainfall, day of the week, long-term trends, and seasonality to construct an exposure–response relationship. We observed a nonlinear relationship between increasing air pollution and bicycle ridership. This study method can be used as a basis for similar analyses to investigate BSS policies in other cities.

Suggested Citation

  • Jooho Park & Yasushi Honda & Sayaka Fujii & Satbyul Estella Kim, 2022. "Air Pollution and Public Bike-Sharing System Ridership in the Context of Sustainable Development Goals," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:7:p:3861-:d:778980
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lu-Yi Qiu & Ling-Yun He, 2018. "Bike Sharing and the Economy, the Environment, and Health-Related Externalities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-10, April.
    2. Takafumi Ando & Toshihisa Sato & Naohisa Hashimoto & Yen Tran & Naoki Konishi & Yuji Takeda & Motoyuki Akamatsu, 2021. "Variability in Human Mobility during the Third Wave of COVID-19 in Japan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-17, November.
    3. Kim, Kyoungok, 2018. "Investigation on the effects of weather and calendar events on bike-sharing according to the trip patterns of bike rentals of stations," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 309-320.
    4. Giles-Corti, Billie & Lowe, Melanie & Arundel, Jonathan, 2020. "Achieving the SDGs: Evaluating indicators to be used to benchmark and monitor progress towards creating healthy and sustainable cities," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 124(6), pages 581-590.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhang, Lihong & Lieske, Scott N. & Pojani, Dorina & Buning, Richard J. & Corcoran, Jonathan, 2025. "Hybrid machine learning-based approaches for modeling bikeability," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    2. Hanghun Jo & Seong-A Kim & Heungsoon Kim, 2022. "Forecasting the Reduction in Urban Air Pollution by Expansion of Market Shares of Eco-Friendly Vehicles: A Focus on Seoul, Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-25, November.
    3. Gustavo Adolfo Correa Solano & Julián David Castañeda Muñoz & Angelica Chappe Chappe & Rogelio Manuel Alvarado Martinez & Rossember Edén Cardenas-Torres & Claudia Patricia Ortiz & Daniel Ricardo Delga, 2025. "Analysis of the Human Barriers to Using Bicycles as a Means of Transportation in Developing Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-21, September.

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