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Applying Affordance Factor Analysis for Smart Home Speakers in Different Age Groups: A Case Study Approach

Author

Listed:
  • Chih-Fu Wu

    (Department of Industrial Design, Tatung University, Taipei City 104, Taiwan)

  • Ying-Kit Wong

    (Graduate Institute of Design Science, Tatung University, Taipei City 104, Taiwan)

  • Hsiu-Hui Hsu

    (Department of Applied Cosmetology, Lee-Ming Institute of Technology, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan)

  • Cheng-Yu Huang

    (Department of Industrial Design, Tatung University, Taipei City 104, Taiwan)

Abstract

Many people use smart speakers at home nowadays for various reasons, such as playing music, checking news and weather, setting timers/alarms, etc. However, before smart speakers were created and available on the market, people used to have home audio systems for similar applications. Nonetheless, the control systems of smart speakers have many different appearances. Affordance is the information given by an object, which is determined by its appearance and supplies clues about its appropriate operation. Therefore, smart speakers should have affordances. Since smart speakers are the main device in the sustainable lifestyle of human beings in smart homes, this study analyzed the affordances of its appearance affect people and the result is essential to the sustainability of smart home. The present study presents a review of the smart speakers in Taiwan, focusing on the four main affordances (physical, cognitive, sensory, functional) and three different age groups (60 participants) based on four appearance categories of smart speaker control, namely, mechanical button control, no-button–no-touch control, touchscreen control, and touch sensor control. By examining the comparison of three age groups, 18–24, 25–49 and 50+, the results of one-way ANOVA showed that the smart speakers with touchscreen control and touch sensor control had a significant difference ( p < 0.01) in four main affordances among these three age groups. The smart speakers with mechanical button control and no-button–no-touch control had no significant difference ( p > 0.01) in four main affordances among these three age groups. In conclusion, age-range and cultural group affect the affordance of smart home speakers.

Suggested Citation

  • Chih-Fu Wu & Ying-Kit Wong & Hsiu-Hui Hsu & Cheng-Yu Huang, 2022. "Applying Affordance Factor Analysis for Smart Home Speakers in Different Age Groups: A Case Study Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-22, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:2156-:d:748970
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Younjoo Cho & Anseop Choi, 2020. "Application of Affordance Factors for User-Centered Smart Homes: A Case Study Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-23, April.
    2. Hasan, Rajibul & Shams, Riad & Rahman, Mizan, 2021. "Consumer trust and perceived risk for voice-controlled artificial intelligence: The case of Siri," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 591-597.
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