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Circular Bioeconomy in the Amazon Rainforest: Evaluation of Açaí Seed Ash as a Regional Solution for Partial Cement Replacement

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  • Joaquin Humberto Aquino Rocha

    (Civil Engineering Program, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Brazil)

  • Andréia Arenari de Siqueira

    (Civil Engineering Program, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Brazil)

  • Marco Antonio Barbosa de Oliveira

    (Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, IFPA, Campus Belém, Belém 66093-020, Brazil)

  • Lucas da Silva Castro

    (Civil Engineering College, Universidade Federal do Pará, UFPA, Belém 66075-110, Brazil)

  • Lucas Rosse Caldas

    (Civil Engineering Program, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Brazil
    Postgraduate Program in Architecture, PROARQ, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Brazil)

  • Nathalie Barbosa Reis Monteiro

    (Centro de Ciências Sociais e Aplicadas, CCSA, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo 01302907, Brazil)

  • Romildo Dias Toledo Filho

    (Civil Engineering Program, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Brazil)

Abstract

Açaí seed ash (ASA) is a waste product from processing the açaí fruit and burning the seeds for cogeneration purposes. The present study evaluated the use of ASA from the Brazilian Amazon as partial Portland cement replacement in self-leveling mortars (SLM) for social-interest buildings. The fresh and hardened state properties of mortars were accessed with 5% and 10% ASA content, and a life cycle assessment was performed to evaluate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The maximum transport distance to enable ASA as a building material was determined by a sensitivity analysis, and specific carbon-efficiency indicators for SLM were proposed and validated. The results showed that using up to 10% ASA as cement replacement was technically and environmentally feasible since the mechanical performance was maintained and GHG emissions decreased up to 8%. The sensitivity analysis revealed that transport efficiency is crucial for ASA applications far from its production area; therefore, it should be evaluated as a regional building material. The work brings an important contribution to regional sustainable development by assessing the characteristics of a residual material and proposing the reuse of waste, reducing GHG emissions from the cement industry, and stimulating the circular bioeconomy in the Brazilian Amazon region.

Suggested Citation

  • Joaquin Humberto Aquino Rocha & Andréia Arenari de Siqueira & Marco Antonio Barbosa de Oliveira & Lucas da Silva Castro & Lucas Rosse Caldas & Nathalie Barbosa Reis Monteiro & Romildo Dias Toledo Filh, 2022. "Circular Bioeconomy in the Amazon Rainforest: Evaluation of Açaí Seed Ash as a Regional Solution for Partial Cement Replacement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-21, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:21:p:14436-:d:962457
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cabeza, Luisa F. & Rincón, Lídia & Vilariño, Virginia & Pérez, Gabriel & Castell, Albert, 2014. "Life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle energy analysis (LCEA) of buildings and the building sector: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 394-416.
    2. Lucas R. Caldas & Francesco Pittau & Roberto Schaeffer & Anna K. E. B. Saraiva & Rayane de L. M. Paiva & Romildo D. Toledo Filho, 2021. "Concrete vs. Ceramic Blocks: Environmental Impact Evaluation Considering a Country-Level Approach," World, MDPI, vol. 2(4), pages 1-23, November.
    3. John Quale & Matthew J. Eckelman & Kyle W. Williams & Greg Sloditskie & Julie B. Zimmerman, 2012. "Construction Matters: Comparing Environmental Impacts of Building Modular and Conventional Homes in the United States," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 16(2), pages 243-253, April.
    4. Sarah C. Andersen & Harpa Birgisdottir & Morten Birkved, 2022. "Life Cycle Assessments of Circular Economy in the Built Environment—A Scoping Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-31, June.
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    1. Diego Alexis Ramos Huarachi & Cleiton Hluszko & Micaela Ines Castillo Ulloa & Vinicius Moretti & Julio Abraham Ramos Quispe & Fabio Neves Puglieri & Antonio Carlos de Francisco, 2023. "Life Cycle Thinking for a Circular Bioeconomy: Current Development, Challenges, and Future Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-27, May.

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