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Is COVID-19 Herd Immunity Influenced by Population Densities of Cities?

Author

Listed:
  • Yuval Arbel

    (Sir Harry Solomon School of Economics and Management, Western Galilee College, Acre 2412101, Israel)

  • Yifat Arbel

    (Department of Mathematics, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel)

  • Amichai Kerner

    (School of Real Estate, Netanya Academic College, Netanya 4223587, Israel)

  • Miryam Kerner

    (The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525422, Israel
    Department of Dermatology, HaEmek Medical Center, Afula 1834111, Israel)

Abstract

The objective of the current study is to compare between densely and sparsely populated cities in the context of herd immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The sample refers to 46 (45) densely populated (sparsely populated) Israeli cities and towns, whose population density is below (above) the median of 2388 p e r s o n s s q . k m , covering above 64.3 % of the entire Israeli population. Findings suggest, on the one hand, a higher projected scope of morbidity per 10,000 persons in sparsely populated cities with zero prevalence of vaccination (37.79 vs. 17.61 cases per 10,000 persons). On the other hand, the outcomes propose a steeper drop in the scope of COVID-19 morbidity with higher vaccination rates in sparsely populated cities. Findings suggest that in terms of vaccination campaigns, below 60–70 percent vaccination rates, more efforts should be invested in sparsely populated cities. If, however, the 70 percent threshold is achieved, a further reduction in the scope of morbidity would require a higher (lower) rate of vaccination in densely populated (sparsely populated) cities.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuval Arbel & Yifat Arbel & Amichai Kerner & Miryam Kerner, 2022. "Is COVID-19 Herd Immunity Influenced by Population Densities of Cities?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-11, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:16:p:10286-:d:891801
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Raymond Gani & Steve Leach, 2001. "Transmission potential of smallpox in contemporary populations," Nature, Nature, vol. 414(6865), pages 748-751, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Scott Orford & Yingling Fan & Philip Hubbard, 2023. "Urban public health emergencies and the COVID-19 pandemic. Part 1: Social and spatial inequalities in the COVID-city," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 60(8), pages 1329-1345, June.

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