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Urban Heat Island Mitigation through Planned Simulation

Author

Listed:
  • Paul Eduardo Vásquez-Álvarez

    (Academic Unit of Postgraduate, Master’s Program in Construction, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010111, Ecuador)

  • Carlos Flores-Vázquez

    (Academic Unit of Postgraduate, Electrical Engineering Career, Visible Radiation and Prototyping Research Group GIRVyP, Research, Innovation and Technology Transfer Center (CIITT), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010111, Ecuador)

  • Juan-Carlos Cobos-Torres

    (Academic Unit of Postgraduate, Electrical Engineering Career, Visible Radiation and Prototyping Research Group GIRVyP, Embedded Systems and Artificial Vision in Architectural, Agricultural, Environmental and Automatic Sciences Research Group (SEVA4CA), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010111, Ecuador)

  • Sandra Lucía Cobos-Mora

    (Academic Unit of Postgraduate, Research, Innovation and Technology Transfer Center (CIITT), Civil Engineering Career, Urban and Earth Data Science Research Group, City, Environment and Technology Research Group, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010111, Ecuador
    Department of Physical Geography and Regional Geographical Analysis, University of Sevilla, 41004 Sevilla, Spain)

Abstract

The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon is caused by the anthropic alteration of the natural environment by urban expansion, its impermeable surfaces, and anthropic activities. In addition, urban morphology can also contribute to the increase in temperature in cities. The UHI effect can be described as an urban climate that is generally characterized by higher temperatures in densely built-up areas compared to surrounding areas. This effect impacts the environmental stress of the city and directly affects the health and quality of life of its inhabitants. Therefore, it is necessary to allocate resources to understand the UHI mechanism in cities in order to propose appropriate mitigation measures that will reduce energy consumption and improve living conditions. In this context, this research was aimed at analyzing the behavior of urban heat islands by replacing asphalt with cool paving materials (concrete) in roadways. Through computer simulations, using the ENVI-met software, the thermal variations of urban heat islands were examined. The city of Cuenca (Ecuador) was selected as the study area. The day of the analysis was 22 January 2020, which was recorded as the warmest day of the year, registering an average temperature of 16 °C. The findings of this research evidenced that, by replacing asphalt pavements with concrete pavements in the analyzed zones, land surface temperature (LST) could be reduced by 8 °C and the global LST of the studied areas could be reduced by approximately 3 °C. Consequently, the mean air temperature of the study areas reflected a decrease of up to 0.83 °C.

Suggested Citation

  • Paul Eduardo Vásquez-Álvarez & Carlos Flores-Vázquez & Juan-Carlos Cobos-Torres & Sandra Lucía Cobos-Mora, 2022. "Urban Heat Island Mitigation through Planned Simulation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-15, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:14:p:8612-:d:862513
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dario Ambrosini & Giorgio Galli & Biagio Mancini & Iole Nardi & Stefano Sfarra, 2014. "Evaluating Mitigation Effects of Urban Heat Islands in a Historical Small Center with the ENVI-Met ® Climate Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(10), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Lu Niu & Ronglin Tang & Yazhen Jiang & Xiaoming Zhou, 2020. "Spatiotemporal Patterns and Drivers of the Surface Urban Heat Island in 36 Major Cities in China: A Comparison of Two Different Methods for Delineating Rural Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-17, January.
    3. Sushobhan Sen & Jeffery Roesler & Benjamin Ruddell & Ariane Middel, 2019. "Cool Pavement Strategies for Urban Heat Island Mitigation in Suburban Phoenix, Arizona," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-21, August.
    4. Gabriele Manoli & Simone Fatichi & Markus Schläpfer & Kailiang Yu & Thomas W. Crowther & Naika Meili & Paolo Burlando & Gabriel G. Katul & Elie Bou-Zeid, 2019. "Magnitude of urban heat islands largely explained by climate and population," Nature, Nature, vol. 573(7772), pages 55-60, September.
    5. Manjula Ranagalage & Ronald C. Estoque & Xinmin Zhang & Yuji Murayama, 2018. "Spatial Changes of Urban Heat Island Formation in the Colombo District, Sri Lanka: Implications for Sustainability Planning," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-21, April.
    6. Anna Laura Pisello & Gloria Pignatta & Veronica Lucia Castaldo & Franco Cotana, 2014. "Experimental Analysis of Natural Gravel Covering as Cool Roofing and Cool Pavement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(8), pages 1-17, July.
    7. Santamouris, M., 2013. "Using cool pavements as a mitigation strategy to fight urban heat island—A review of the actual developments," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 224-240.
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    Cited by:

    1. Patricio Pacheco & Eduardo Mera & Voltaire Fuentes, 2023. "Intensive Urbanization, Urban Meteorology and Air Pollutants: Effects on the Temperature of a City in a Basin Geography," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-20, February.
    2. Nasim Eslamirad & Abel Sepúlveda & Francesco De Luca & Kimmo Sakari Lylykangas & Sadok Ben Yahia, 2023. "Outdoor Thermal Comfort Optimization in a Cold Climate to Mitigate the Level of Urban Heat Island in an Urban Area," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-28, June.
    3. Yan Liu & Zhijie Wang, 2023. "Research Progress and Hotspot Analysis of Urban Heat Island Effects Based on Cite Space Analysis," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-19, May.

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