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Increasing the Livability of Open Public Spaces during Nighttime: The Importance of Lighting in Waterfront Areas

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  • Ivana Rakonjac

    (Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Ana Zorić

    (Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Ivan Rakonjac

    (Faculty of Security Studies, University of Belgrade, Gospodara Vučića 50, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Jelena Milošević

    (Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Jelena Marić

    (Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Danilo Furundžić

    (Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia)

Abstract

The contemporary way of life influences the forms and time framework of outdoor activities in open public spaces, shifting their focus to nighttime usage. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the limits of existing outdoor lighting design standards and recommendations in terms of livability. As an exploratory case study, the Sava waterfront in New Belgrade, Serbia was chosen. The methodology consisted of theoretical research and specific analysis, which included: (1) mapping the spatial distribution of users during several periods of the day; (2) criteria and indicator network analysis of outdoor lighting quality, and (3) a survey with a questionnaire conducted among the users of the waterfront area. The results showed that lighting design can influence overall open public space usage during nighttime through its parameters. It can affect the spatial distribution of users and their sense of safety and comfort, as well as the duration, frequency, and manner of usage. This study could improve planning and design practices regarding outdoor lighting, enabling more active and inclusive usage of open public spaces, thus increasing the overall livability of spaces and their social sustainability.

Suggested Citation

  • Ivana Rakonjac & Ana Zorić & Ivan Rakonjac & Jelena Milošević & Jelena Marić & Danilo Furundžić, 2022. "Increasing the Livability of Open Public Spaces during Nighttime: The Importance of Lighting in Waterfront Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-25, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:10:p:6058-:d:817131
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lingyan Zhang & Shan Huang & Yunchen Zhu & Chen Hua & Mingjun Cheng & Song Yao & Yonghua Li, 2023. "Supply and Demand for Planning and Construction of Nighttime Urban Lighting: A Comparative Case Study of Binjiang District, Hangzhou," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-23, July.

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