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Performance Analysis of a Facade-Integrated Photovoltaic Powered Cooling System

Author

Listed:
  • Thomas Bröthaler

    (Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, Institute of Physics and Materials Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria)

  • Marcus Rennhofer

    (AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria)

  • Daniel Brandl

    (Institute of Thermal Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25b, 8010 Graz, Austria)

  • Thomas Mach

    (Institute of Thermal Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25b, 8010 Graz, Austria)

  • Andreas Heinz

    (Institute of Thermal Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25b, 8010 Graz, Austria)

  • Gusztáv Újvári

    (AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria)

  • Helga C. Lichtenegger

    (Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, Institute of Physics and Materials Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria)

  • Harald Rennhofer

    (Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, Institute of Physics and Materials Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria)

Abstract

Due to recent changing climate conditions and glazing of building facades, a rapid increase in the requirement of cooling systems can be observed. Still the main energy source for cooling are fossil fuels. In this article we report on a fully integrated approach of running a heat pump for actively cooling a test room by electric energy, generated by facade integrated photovoltaic modules, the “COOLSKIN” system. Photovoltaic facades are emission free in the operation phase, efficiently utilize otherwise unused surfaces, and portray a favorable method in terms of construction physics and the architectural design of buildings. Compared to existing systems, COOLSKIN is an entirely autonomous system where every component is located inside the facade structure which introduces a high level of plug and play character. In this article the analysis of the electric performance of the COOLSKIN system with respect to its operation under different environmental conditions is presented. The over all system efficiency was determined with 73.9%, compared to a simulated efficiency (PV*SOL) of 68.8%, and to the theoretically expected value of 85%. The system behavior is evaluated depending on photovoltaic output and the cooling demand. The analysis shows that a considerable amount of cooling demand could be decentrally fulfilled with photovoltaic energy, but environmental conditions as well as system layout have a considerable impact on system performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Bröthaler & Marcus Rennhofer & Daniel Brandl & Thomas Mach & Andreas Heinz & Gusztáv Újvári & Helga C. Lichtenegger & Harald Rennhofer, 2021. "Performance Analysis of a Facade-Integrated Photovoltaic Powered Cooling System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-21, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:8:p:4374-:d:536069
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yuhang Liu & Xiangxin Liu & Jianwei Zhang & Yufeng Zhang & Ziyao Zhu, 2020. "A Novel Maximum Power Point Tracking Control Strategy for the Building Integrated Photovoltaic System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-23, May.
    2. Huang, Bin-Juine & Hou, Tung-Fu & Hsu, Po-Chien & Lin, Tse-Han & Chen, Yan-Tze & Chen, Chi-Wen & Li, Kang & Lee, K.Y., 2016. "Design of direct solar PV driven air conditioner," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 95-101.
    3. Gonçalves, Juliana E. & van Hooff, Twan & Saelens, Dirk, 2021. "Simulating building integrated photovoltaic facades: Comparison to experimental data and evaluation of modelling complexity," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    4. Ge, T.S. & Wang, R.Z. & Xu, Z.Y. & Pan, Q.W. & Du, S. & Chen, X.M. & Ma, T. & Wu, X.N. & Sun, X.L. & Chen, J.F., 2018. "Solar heating and cooling: Present and future development," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 1126-1140.
    5. Guo, Siyu & Walsh, Timothy Michael & Peters, Marius, 2013. "Vertically mounted bifacial photovoltaic modules: A global analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 447-454.
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    Cited by:

    1. Skandalos, Nikolaos & Wang, Meng & Kapsalis, Vasileios & D'Agostino, Delia & Parker, Danny & Bhuvad, Sushant Suresh & Udayraj, & Peng, Jinqing & Karamanis, Dimitris, 2022. "Building PV integration according to regional climate conditions: BIPV regional adaptability extending Köppen-Geiger climate classification against urban and climate-related temperature increases," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).

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