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Motivations and Satisfaction of New Zealand Domestic Tourists to Inform Landscape Design in a Nature-Based Setting

Author

Listed:
  • Gill Lawson

    (School of Landscape Architecture, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand)

  • David Dean

    (Department of Agribusiness and Markets, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand)

  • Yuqing He

    (School of Landscape Architecture, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand)

  • Xinghua Huang

    (School of Landscape Architecture, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand)

Abstract

Increased tourist pressures can cause the deterioration of nature-based tourist destinations and adversely affect visitor satisfaction. This study aims to identify how public participation using mobile devices on-site can assist in assessing future design scenarios for a popular nature-based destination, within a short day trip from Christchurch in Aotearoa New Zealand. An online survey using participants’ mobile devices at Kura Tāwhiti Castle Hill Rocks identified domestic tourists’ motivational, satisfaction and dissatisfaction factors, as associated with age and visit frequency at the destination. These factors were linked to site experiences, particularly being out in nature, that could be used to design future scenarios for similar nature-based settings in Aotearoa New Zealand. Four future scenarios using 2D photomontages were used to rank domestic visitor preferences for changing paths and tracks, fencing, signage, structures and people. The study found that the low-impact scenario with the least people was the most desirable. This high level of sensitivity of New Zealanders to change in outdoor recreational destinations suggests that nature-based settings must be designed and managed with considerable care to minimize the perception of over-crowding and the deterioration of the site experience, particularly for return visitors.

Suggested Citation

  • Gill Lawson & David Dean & Yuqing He & Xinghua Huang, 2021. "Motivations and Satisfaction of New Zealand Domestic Tourists to Inform Landscape Design in a Nature-Based Setting," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-24, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:22:p:12415-:d:676273
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hans Klein-Hewett, 2021. "Design as an Indicator of Tourist Destination Change: The Concept Renewal Cycle at Watkins Glen State Park," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-24, April.
    2. Jesper Borsje & Ruud Tak, 2013. "The regional-local nexus: a landscape-based integral design strategy for sustainable tourism development," Tourism and Hospitality Management, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, vol. 19(1), pages 65-82, May.
    3. Mark Groulx & Christopher J. Lemieux & John L. Lewis & Sarah Brown, 2017. "Understanding consumer behaviour and adaptation planning responses to climate-driven environmental change in Canada's parks and protected areas: a climate futurescapes approach," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 60(6), pages 1016-1035, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bhat, Chandra R., 2022. "A closed-form multiple discrete-count extreme value (MDCNTEV) model," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 65-86.

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