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Spent Coffee Grounds’ Valorization towards the Recovery of Caffeine and Chlorogenic Acid: A Response Surface Methodology Approach

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  • Georgia-Christina Mitraka

    (Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
    Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTh), Center of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (CIRI-AUTh), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Konstantinos N. Kontogiannopoulos

    (Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
    Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTh), Center of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (CIRI-AUTh), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Maria Batsioula

    (Institute for Bio-Economy and Agri-Technology (iBO), Center for Research and Technology–Hellas (CERTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • George F. Banias

    (Institute for Bio-Economy and Agri-Technology (iBO), Center for Research and Technology–Hellas (CERTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Andreana N. Assimopoulou

    (Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
    Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTh), Center of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (CIRI-AUTh), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece)

Abstract

The amount of spent coffee grounds (SCGs) created, represents an environmental challenge worldwide. In this context, the aim of the present study was to exploit the potential of SCGs as a source of bioactive compounds that can be utilized in high value-added products. Thus, a cost-effective and environmentally friendly extraction technique was developed to ensure extracts with high total phenolic content and antioxidant activity, as well as significant amounts of caffeine and chlorogenic acid. Response surface methodology was implemented to evaluate the effects of the main extraction parameters (i.e., time, temperature, and ethanol-to-water ratio) and their interactions on the defined responses. The ethanol ratio was found to be the most significant variable. Then, a set of optimum values was determined (i.e., 7 min, 75 °C, and ethanol:water ratio 5:95), where the predicted values for responses were found to be 5.65% for the yield (Y 1 ), 152.68 mg gallic acid equivalents per L for total phenolic content (Y 2 ), 0.797 μmol Trolox equivalent per mL for the antioxidant activity (Y 3 ), 30.5 ppm for caffeine concentration (Y 4 ), and 17.4 ppm for chlorogenic acid concentration (Y 5 ). Furthermore, the corresponding high experimental values from the validation experiment fitted well to these predictions, clearly clarifying the high potential of SCG extracts for use in high value-added applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Georgia-Christina Mitraka & Konstantinos N. Kontogiannopoulos & Maria Batsioula & George F. Banias & Andreana N. Assimopoulou, 2021. "Spent Coffee Grounds’ Valorization towards the Recovery of Caffeine and Chlorogenic Acid: A Response Surface Methodology Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-19, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:16:p:8818-:d:610071
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Battista, Federico & Barampouti, Elli Maria & Mai, Sofia & Bolzonella, David & Malamis, Dimitris & Moustakas, Konstantinos & Loizidou, Maria, 2020. "Added-value molecules recovery and biofuels production from spent coffee grounds," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Donald John Calvien Hutabarat & Dave Mangindaan, 2024. "Cultivation of Black Soldier Fly ( Hermetia illucens ) Larvae for the Valorization of Spent Coffee Ground: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Study," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-24, January.

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