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Spatiotemporal Changes in Ecosystem Services along a Urban-Rural-Natural Gradient: A Case Study of Xi’an, China

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  • Xiaoxuan Li

    (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
    Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Xi’an 710127, China)

  • Hongjuan Zhang

    (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
    Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Xi’an 710127, China)

  • Zhicheng Zhang

    (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
    Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Xi’an 710127, China)

  • Juan Feng

    (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
    Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Xi’an 710127, China)

  • Kang Liu

    (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
    Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Xi’an 710127, China)

  • Yawei Hua

    (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
    Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Xi’an 710127, China)

  • Qian Pang

    (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
    Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Xi’an 710127, China)

Abstract

Urban areas are the areas that are most strongly affected by human activities, which presents many challenges to the ecosystem and human well-being. Ecosystem services (ES) are a comprehensive indicator to measure the ecological effects of urbanization. To effectively identify and evaluate the impact of urbanization on ES, the spatial-temporal pattern of ES should be considered. According to the level of urbanization, Xi’an city is divided into four regions: the urban core area, the urban extended area, the rural area, and the ecological conservation area, then, five comprehensive ecosystem services (CES) are evaluated by In VEST model. The results showed the following: (1) There is an obvious spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of ES. The ecological conservation area is the hot spot of ES supply, and the low value is mostly distributed in the urban core area. (2) The CES in the urban extended area that has undergone the greatest change between 2000 and 2015, and the rates of change in the ecological conservation area are the smallest. (3) There is a significant correlation between urbanization and ES, and the correction between landscape urbanization and ES is the most significant. (4) The agglomeration relationship between urbanization and ES in different regions is not consistent. Regional division provides a new way to understand the interaction between urbanization and ES in time and space, so as to provide better guidance for policy makers in formulating sustainable development policies to alleviate the loss of ES caused by the process of urbanization.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaoxuan Li & Hongjuan Zhang & Zhicheng Zhang & Juan Feng & Kang Liu & Yawei Hua & Qian Pang, 2020. "Spatiotemporal Changes in Ecosystem Services along a Urban-Rural-Natural Gradient: A Case Study of Xi’an, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:1133-:d:316750
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhang, Hongjuan & Gao, Yan & Hua, Yawei & Zhang, Yue & Liu, Kang, 2019. "Assessing and mapping recreationists’ perceived social values for ecosystem services in the Qinling Mountains, China," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 39(C).
    2. Graeme S. Cumming & Andreas Buerkert & Ellen M. Hoffmann & Eva Schlecht & Stephan von Cramon-Taubadel & Teja Tscharntke, 2014. "Implications of agricultural transitions and urbanization for ecosystem services," Nature, Nature, vol. 515(7525), pages 50-57, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yajing Shao & Xuefeng Yuan & Chaoqun Ma & Ruifang Ma & Zhaoxia Ren, 2020. "Quantifying the Spatial Association between Land Use Change and Ecosystem Services Value: A Case Study in Xi’an, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-20, May.

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