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Thermal Analysis of a New Sliding Smart Window Integrated with Vacuum Insulation, Photovoltaic, and Phase Change Material

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  • Mostafa Ahmed

    (Division of Urban and Environment Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13-W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
    Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt)

  • Ali Radwan

    (Division of Urban and Environment Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13-W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
    Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35516, Egypt)

  • Ahmed Serageldin

    (Division of Urban and Environment Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13-W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shoubra Faculty of Engineering, Benha University, Shoubra 11629, Egypt)

  • Saim Memon

    (Solar Thermal Vacuum Engineering Research Group, London Centre for Energy Engineering, School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK)

  • Takao Katsura

    (Division of Urban and Environment Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13-W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan)

  • Katsunori Nagano

    (Division of Urban and Environment Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13-W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan)

Abstract

A zero-energy building (ZEB) requires an innovative integration of technologies, in which windows play a paramount role in energy reduction, storage, and generation. This study contributes to four innovative designs of sliding smart windows. It integrates air-gap (AG), phase change material (PCM), photovoltaic (PV), and vacuum glazing (VG) technologies. These smart sliding windows are proposed to generate electricity along with achieving efficient thermal insulations and heat storage simultaneously. A two-dimensional multiphysics thermal model that couples the PCM melting and solidification model, PV model, natural convection in the cavity, and the surface-to-surface radiation model in the vacuum gap are developed for the first time. The model is validated with data in the literature. The transient simulations were carried out to investigate the thermo-electrical performance of a window with an area of 1 m by 1 m for the meteorological conditions of Kuwait city on the 10th of June 2018, where the window was oriented to south direction. The results showed that the total solar heat energy gain per unit window area is 2.6 kWh, 0.02 kWh, 0.22 kWh, 1.48 kWh, and 0.2 kWh for the double AG, AG + PV + PCM + VG, PV + PCM + VG, AG + PV + PCM, and the ventilated AG + PV + PCM + VG, respectively. The results elucidate the advantages of the integration of VG in this integrated sliding smart window. The daily generated PV electrical energy in these systems is around 1.3 kWh, 1.43 kWh, and 1.38 kWh for the base case with double AG, PV + PCM + VG, and the ventilated AG + PV + PCM + VG respectively per unit window area.

Suggested Citation

  • Mostafa Ahmed & Ali Radwan & Ahmed Serageldin & Saim Memon & Takao Katsura & Katsunori Nagano, 2020. "Thermal Analysis of a New Sliding Smart Window Integrated with Vacuum Insulation, Photovoltaic, and Phase Change Material," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-21, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:19:p:7846-:d:417715
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Li, Yilin & Darkwa, Jo & Kokogiannakis, Georgios & Su, Weiguang, 2019. "Phase change material blind system for double skin façade integration: System development and thermal performance evaluation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
    2. Memon, Saim & Fang, Yueping & Eames, Philip C., 2019. "The influence of low-temperature surface induction on evacuation, pump-out hole sealing and thermal performance of composite edge-sealed vacuum insulated glazing," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 450-464.
    3. Natarajan, Sendhil Kumar & Reddy, K.S. & Mallick, Tapas Kumar, 2012. "Heat loss characteristics of trapezoidal cavity receiver for solar linear concentrating system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 523-531.
    4. Fang, Yueping & Memon, Saim & Peng, Jingqing & Tyrer, Mark & Ming, Tingzhen, 2020. "Solar thermal performance of two innovative configurations of air-vacuum layered triple glazed windows," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 167-175.
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