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A New Robust Energy Management and Control Strategy for a Hybrid Microgrid System Based on Green Energy

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  • Bilal Naji Alhasnawi

    (Electrical Engineering Department, University of Basrah, Basrah 61001, Iraq)

  • Basil H. Jasim

    (Electrical Engineering Department, University of Basrah, Basrah 61001, Iraq)

  • M. Dolores Esteban

    (Civil Engineering Department, Hydraulics, Energy and Environment, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), CP 28040 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

The recent few years have seen renewable energy becoming immensely popular. Renewable energy generation capacity has risen in both standalone and grid-connected systems. The chief reason is the ability to produce clean energy, which is both environmentally friendly and cost effective. This paper presents a new control algorithm along with a flexible energy management system to minimize the cost of operating a hybrid microgrid. The microgrid comprises fuel cells, photovoltaic cells, super capacitors, and other energy storage systems. There are three stages in the control system: an energy management system, supervisory control, and local control. The energy management system allows the control system to create an optimal day-ahead power flow schedule between the hybrid microgrid components, loads, batteries, and the electrical grid by using inputs from economic analysis. The discrepancy between the scheduled power and the real power delivered by the hybrid microgrid is adjusted for by the supervisory control stage. Additionally, this paper provides a design for the local control system to manage local power, DC voltage, and current in the hybrid microgrid. The operation strategy of energy storage systems is proposed to solve the power changes from photovoltaics and houses load fluctuations locally, instead of reflecting those disturbances to the utility grid. Furthermore, the energy storage systems energy management scheme will help to achieve the peak reduction of the houses’ daily electrical load demand. Also, the control of the studied hybrid microgrid is designed as a method to improve hybrid microgrid resilience and incorporate renewable power generation and storage into the grid. The simulation results verified the effectiveness and feasibility of the introduced strategy and the capability of proposed controller for a hybrid microgrid operating in different modes. The results showed that (1) energy management and energy interchange were effective and contributed to cost reductions, CO 2 mitigation, and reduction of primary energy consumption, and (2) the newly developed energy management system proved to provide more robust and high performance control than conventional energy management systems. Also, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed robust model for microgrid energy management.

Suggested Citation

  • Bilal Naji Alhasnawi & Basil H. Jasim & M. Dolores Esteban, 2020. "A New Robust Energy Management and Control Strategy for a Hybrid Microgrid System Based on Green Energy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-28, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:14:p:5724-:d:385273
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Almada, J.B. & Leão, R.P.S. & Sampaio, R.F. & Barroso, G.C., 2016. "A centralized and heuristic approach for energy management of an AC microgrid," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 1396-1404.
    2. Das, Barun K. & Al-Abdeli, Yasir M. & Kothapalli, Ganesh, 2018. "Effect of load following strategies, hardware, and thermal load distribution on stand-alone hybrid CCHP systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 735-753.
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    4. Justo, Jackson John & Mwasilu, Francis & Lee, Ju & Jung, Jin-Woo, 2013. "AC-microgrids versus DC-microgrids with distributed energy resources: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 387-405.
    5. Fathima, A. Hina & Palanisamy, K., 2015. "Optimization in microgrids with hybrid energy systems – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 431-446.
    6. Abedini, Mohammad & Moradi, Mohammad H. & Hosseinian, S. Mahdi, 2016. "Optimal management of microgrids including renewable energy scources using GPSO-GM algorithm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 430-439.
    7. Basak, Prasenjit & Chowdhury, S. & Halder nee Dey, S. & Chowdhury, S.P., 2012. "A literature review on integration of distributed energy resources in the perspective of control, protection and stability of microgrid," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 5545-5556.
    8. Rouholamini, Mehdi & Mohammadian, Mohsen, 2016. "Heuristic-based power management of a grid-connected hybrid energy system combined with hydrogen storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(PA), pages 354-365.
    9. Bilal Naji Alhasnawi & Basil H. Jasim & Walid Issa & Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam & Frede Blaabjerg, 2020. "A New Robust Control Strategy for Parallel Operated Inverters in Green Energy Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-31, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ali M. Jasim & Basil H. Jasim & Bogdan-Constantin Neagu & Simo Attila, 2023. "Electric Vehicle Battery-Connected Parallel Distribution Generators for Intelligent Demand Management in Smart Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-29, March.
    2. Yi Zhang & Tian Lan & Wei Hu, 2023. "A Two-Stage Robust Optimization Microgrid Model Considering Carbon Trading and Demand Response," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-22, October.
    3. Bilal Naji Alhasnawi & Basil H. Jasim & Pierluigi Siano & Josep M. Guerrero, 2021. "A Novel Real-Time Electricity Scheduling for Home Energy Management System Using the Internet of Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-29, May.
    4. Bilal Naji Alhasnawi & Basil H. Jasim & Arshad Naji Alhasnawi & Bishoy E. Sedhom & Ali M. Jasim & Azam Khalili & Vladimír Bureš & Alessandro Burgio & Pierluigi Siano, 2022. "A Novel Approach to Achieve MPPT for Photovoltaic System Based SCADA," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-29, November.
    5. Bilal Naji Alhasnawi & Basil H. Jasim & Bishoy E. Sedhom & Eklas Hossain & Josep M. Guerrero, 2021. "A New Decentralized Control Strategy of Microgrids in the Internet of Energy Paradigm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-34, April.
    6. Bilal Naji Alhasnawi & Basil H. Jasim & Maria Dolores Esteban & Josep M. Guerrero, 2020. "A Novel Smart Energy Management as a Service over a Cloud Computing Platform for Nanogrid Appliances," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-47, November.
    7. Ayman Al-Quraan & Muhannad Al-Qaisi, 2021. "Modelling, Design and Control of a Standalone Hybrid PV-Wind Micro-Grid System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-23, August.

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