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Double Marginalized Livelihoods: Invisible Gender Inequality in Pastoral Societies

Author

Listed:
  • Adugna Eneyew

    (Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Jimma University, Jimma, Po. Box 307, Ethiopia)

  • Sileshi Mengistu

    (Department of Civic and Ethical Studies, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Po. Box 21, Ethiopia)

Abstract

Achieving gender equality is the Third Millennium Development Goal, and the major challenge to poverty reduction is the inability of governments to address this at grass root levels. This study is therefore aimed at assessing gender inequality as it pertains to socio-economic factors in (agro-) pastoral societies. It tries to explain how “invisible” forces perpetuate gender inequality, based on data collected from male and female household heads and community representatives. The findings indicate that in comparison with men, women lack access to control rights over livestock, land, and income, which are critical to securing a sustainable livelihood. However, this inequality remains invisible to women who appear to readily submit to local customs, and to the community at large due to a lack of public awareness and gender based interventions. In addition, violence against women is perpetuated through traditional beliefs and sustained by tourists to the area. As a result, (agro-) pastoral woman face double marginalization, for being pastoralist, and for being a woman.

Suggested Citation

  • Adugna Eneyew & Sileshi Mengistu, 2013. "Double Marginalized Livelihoods: Invisible Gender Inequality in Pastoral Societies," Societies, MDPI, vol. 3(1), pages 1-13, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsoctx:v:3:y:2013:i:1:p:104-116:d:23440
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ifeoma Q. Anugwa & Agwu E. Agwu & Murari Suvedi & Suresh Babu, 2020. "Gender-Specific Livelihood Strategies for Coping with Climate Change-Induced Food Insecurity in Southeast Nigeria," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 12(5), pages 1065-1084, October.
    2. Mersha, Azeb Assefa & van Laerhoven, Frank, 2018. "The interplay between planned and autonomous adaptation in response to climate change: Insights from rural Ethiopia," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 87-97.
    3. Chigbu, Uchendu Eugene, 2019. "Masculinity, men and patriarchal issues aside: How do women’s actions impede women’s access to land? Matters arising from a peri-rural community in Nigeria," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 39-48.
    4. Kiddus Yitbarek & Mirkuzie Woldie & Gelila Abraham, 2019. "Time for action: Intimate partner violence troubles one third of Ethiopian women," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(5), pages 1-13, May.
    5. Shanta Paudel Khatiwada & Wei Deng & Bikash Paudel & Janak Raj Khatiwada & Jifei Zhang & Jiangjun Wan, 2018. "A Gender Analysis of Changing Livelihood Activities in the Rural Areas of Central Nepal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-24, November.

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