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RETRACTED: Analysis of the Legal Framework Governing Gas Flaring in Nigeria’s Upstream Petroleum Sector and the Need for Overhauling

Author

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  • Olusola Joshua Olujobi

    (Business Management Department, Covenant University, KM 10 Idiroko Road, Ota 112233, Ogun State, Nigeria)

Abstract

Nigeria is rated the number one producer of crude oil in Africa. Still, oil exploration activities have resulted in a high rate of gas flaring due to weak enforcement of the anti-gas flaring laws by the regulatory authorities. Associated natural gas is generated from oil production, and it is burnt in large volumes, thereby leading to the emission of greenhouse gases and waste of natural resources which could have generated billions of dollars for the Federal Government of Nigeria. There are concerns that if nothing is done to curtail this menace, humans and the environment will be imperiled due to its negative consequences. There is therefore a need to decrease gas flaring by replicating the strategies applied in the selected case study countries to combat the menace. It is relevant to carry out this analysis to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the oil industry for the sustainability of the energy sector and to generate more revenues for the government. This study provides guidelines for legislatures on suitable approaches to adopt for formulating an anti-flaring legal framework. The study is a comparative analysis of national legal regimes on gas flaring in Nigeria, Canada, the United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia, and Norway. The study adopts a doctrinal legal research method, a point-by-point comparative approach with a library-based legal research method. The study finds that weak enforcement of laws is a critical factor responsible for the menace. It recommends the use of more advanced technologies, a sophisticated mixture of regulations and non-regulatory incentives such as fiscal policies and gas market restructuring, and proffers further suggestions based on the lessons learnt from the selected case study countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Olusola Joshua Olujobi, 2020. "RETRACTED: Analysis of the Legal Framework Governing Gas Flaring in Nigeria’s Upstream Petroleum Sector and the Need for Overhauling," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:9:y:2020:i:8:p:132-:d:390601
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Olusola J. Olujobi & Olabode A. Oyewunmi & Adebukola E. Oyewunmi, 2018. "Oil Spillage in Nigeria s Upstream Petroleum Sector: Beyond the Legal Frameworks," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 8(1), pages 220-226.
    2. Olabode A. Oyewunmi, 2018. "Oil Price Fluctuations and Dependency Malaise: What will Engender Socio-economic Adjustments?," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 8(6), pages 167-173.
    3. Adebayo Otitoloju & Jemina Dan-Patrick, 2010. "Effects of gas flaring on blood parameters and respiratory system of laboratory mice, Mus musculus," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 30(4), pages 340-346, December.
    4. Olusola Joshua Olujobi & Olabode Adeleke Oyewunmi, 2017. "Annulment of Oil Licences in Nigeria s Upstream Petroleum Sector: A Legal Critique of the Costs and Benefits," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 7(3), pages 364-369.
    5. Franz Gerner & Bent Svensson & Sascha Djumena, 2004. "Gas Flaring and Venting : A Regulatory Framework and Incentives for Gas Utilization," World Bank Publications - Reports 11253, The World Bank Group.
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    Cited by:

    1. Olusola Joshua Olujobi & Tunde Ebenezer Yebisi & Oyinkepreye Preye Patrick & Afolabi Innocent Ariremako, 2022. "The Legal Framework for Combating Gas Flaring in Nigeria’s Oil and Gas Industry: Can It Promote Sustainable Energy Security?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-20, June.
    2. Abdulhamid Ozohu-Suleiman, 2021. "The Energy Crisis and Environmental Concerns in Sub-Saharan Africa (Nigeria): A Perspective on Public Governance for Climate Action," Journal of Public Administration and Governance, Macrothink Institute, vol. 11(2), pages 134155-1341, December.
    3. Pascaris, Alexis S., 2021. "Examining existing policy to inform a comprehensive legal framework for agrivoltaics in the U.S," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    4. Daniel E. Ufua & Olusola J. Olujobi & Mercy E. Ogbari & Joseph A. Dada & Oluwatosin D. Edafe, 2020. "Operations of small and medium enterprises and the legal system in Nigeria," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 7(1), pages 1-7, December.
    5. Olusola Joshua Olujobi & Elizabeta Smaranda Olarinde & Tunde Ebenezer Yebisi & Uchechukwu Emena Okorie, 2022. "COVID-19 Pandemic: The Impacts of Crude Oil Price Shock on Nigeria’s Economy, Legal and Policy Options," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-20, September.
    6. Olusola Joshua Olujobi & Daniel E. Ufua & Uchechukwu Emena Okorie & Mercy E. Ogbari, 2022. "Carbon emission, solid waste management, and electricity generation: a legal and empirical perspective for renewable energy in Nigeria," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 599-619, September.
    7. Olusola Joshua Olujobi & Elizabeta Smaranda Olarinde & Tunde Ebenezer Yebisi, 2022. "The Conundrums of Illicit Crude Oil Refineries in Nigeria and Its Debilitating Effects on Nigeria’s Economy: A Legal Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-15, August.

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