IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jmathe/v9y2021i7p777-d529263.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Fuzzy Techniques Applied to the Analysis of the Causes and Effects of Tourism Competitiveness

Author

Listed:
  • Martha B. Flores-Romero

    (Faculty of Accounting and Management, Saint Nicholas and Hidalgo Michoacán State University (UMSNH), Morelia 58030, Mexico
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Miriam E. Pérez-Romero

    (Faculty of Accounting and Management, Saint Nicholas and Hidalgo Michoacán State University (UMSNH), Morelia 58030, Mexico
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • José Álvarez-García

    (Financial Economy and Accounting Department, Faculty of Business, Finance and Tourism, University of Extremadura, 10071 Cáceres, Spain
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • María de la Cruz del Río-Rama

    (Business Management and Marketing Department, Faculty of Business Sciences and Tourism, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

The aim of this research is to identify and analyze the causes and effects of tourism competitiveness, as well as cause–effect relationships from the perspective of two groups of experts, which are decision makers versus academics/researchers, both from the tourism sector. The purpose is to respond to the question: do decision makers in the tourism sector share the same perspective as academics/researchers regarding the relationship between the causes and effects of tourism competitiveness? The methodology used is the theory of expertons, the theory of forgotten effects and the Hamming distance. It was found that in most cases, the groups of experts share perspective, since their differences are small or non-existent. However, in all the relationships analyzed (cause–effect, cause–cause, and effect–effect), academic experts reported the highest assessment. The greatest difference in opinion is identified in the evaluation of the “Environmental Commitment” and “Tourist Demand” relationship. Decision makers in the tourism sector are ignoring the growing inclination and sensitivity that tourists are adopting towards the environment. It is necessary for the tourism sector to develop and consolidate its commitment to caring for and preserving the environment, which is an element that contributes to a destination’s competitiveness and has two main effects: tourism demand and customer satisfaction.

Suggested Citation

  • Martha B. Flores-Romero & Miriam E. Pérez-Romero & José Álvarez-García & María de la Cruz del Río-Rama, 2021. "Fuzzy Techniques Applied to the Analysis of the Causes and Effects of Tourism Competitiveness," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:9:y:2021:i:7:p:777-:d:529263
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/7/777/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/7/777/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Merigó, José M. & Casanovas, Montserrat & Yang, Jian-Bo, 2014. "Group decision making with expertons and uncertain generalized probabilistic weighted aggregation operators," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 235(1), pages 215-224.
    2. Andrades, Lidia & Dimanche, Frederic, 2017. "Destination competitiveness and tourism development in Russia: Issues and challenges," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 360-376.
    3. Bolaky, Bineswaree, 2011. "Tourism competitiveness in the Caribbean," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), August.
    4. Alain Dupeyras & Neil MacCallum, 2013. "Indicators for Measuring Competitiveness in Tourism: A Guidance Document," OECD Tourism Papers 2013/2, OECD Publishing.
    5. Crouch, Geoffrey I. & Ritchie, J. R. Brent, 1999. "Tourism, Competitiveness, and Societal Prosperity," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 44(3), pages 137-152, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Felipe Chávez-Bustamante & Elliott Mardones-Arias & Julio Rojas-Mora & Jaime Tijmes-Ihl, 2023. "A Forgotten Effects Approach to the Analysis of Complex Economic Systems: Identifying Indirect Effects on Trade Networks," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-20, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bojan KRSTIĆ & Sonja JOVANOVIC & Tanja STANISIC, 2014. "Central And East European Countries’ Tourism Competitiveness As A Factor Of Their National Competitiveness Level," Revista de turism - studii si cercetari in turism / Journal of tourism - studies and research in tourism, "Stefan cel Mare" University of Suceava, Romania, Faculty of Economics and Public Administration - Economy, Business Administration and Tourism Department., vol. 18(18), pages 61-68, December.
    2. Salinas Fernández, José Antonio & Guaita Martínez, José Manuel & Martín Martín, José María, 2022. "An analysis of the competitiveness of the tourism industry in a context of economic recovery following the COVID19 pandemic," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    3. Ioana Maria Tripon, 2018. "Competitiveness In Tourism: A Theoretical Outlook," JOURNAL STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABES-BOLYAI NEGOTIA, Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Business.
    4. Jean-Luc Pradel Mathurin Augustin & Shu-Yi Liaw, 2018. "Technology and Government Effort, A Two-headed Animal within the Competitiveness Index of the Travel and Tourism Industry," International Business Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 11(9), pages 144-159, September.
    5. Michał Roman & Monika Roman & Piotr Prus & Małgorzata Szczepanek, 2020. "Tourism Competitiveness of Rural Areas: Evidence from a Region in Poland," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-19, November.
    6. Adeline Cristina Cozma & Monica-Maria Coros, 2018. "The Locals’ Opinions And The Development Of Sustainable Tourism In Rodna Commune," JOURNAL STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABES-BOLYAI NEGOTIA, Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Business.
    7. Ali Uyar & Cemil Kuzey & Mehmet Ali Koseoglu & Abdullah S Karaman, 2023. "Travel and tourism competitiveness index and the tourism sector development," Tourism Economics, , vol. 29(4), pages 1005-1031, June.
    8. José Alberto Martínez-González & Vidina Tais Díaz-Padilla & Eduardo Parra-López, 2021. "Study of the Tourism Competitiveness Model of the World Economic Forum Using Rasch’s Mathematical Model: The Case of Portugal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-20, June.
    9. Caicedo-Barreth Alba & Pavón Enrique Santos & Santos Luís Lima, 2020. "Competitiveness of Guayaquil towards bleisure tourism," European Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation, Sciendo, vol. 10(2), pages 118-133, December.
    10. Aurelian Sofica & Smaranda Cosma, 2018. "Extended Marketing Mix (7ps) And Hrm Recruiting. How To Sell A Job," JOURNAL STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABES-BOLYAI NEGOTIA, Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Business.
    11. Carmen Mihaela Babaita & Damaris Galati & Andrea Nagy, 2018. "Discovering The Roots – Ancestral Tourism In Romania. A Pilot Study," JOURNAL STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABES-BOLYAI NEGOTIA, Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Business.
    12. Armindo Frias & João Cabral & à lvaro Costa, 2015. "Logistic optimization in tourism networks," ERSA conference papers ersa15p1451, European Regional Science Association.
    13. Yang, Yong, 2012. "Agglomeration density and tourism development in China: An empirical research based on dynamic panel data model," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 33(6), pages 1347-1359.
    14. Arie Stoffelen & Dominique Vanneste, 2017. "Tourism and cross-border regional development: insights in European contexts," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(6), pages 1013-1033, June.
    15. E. M. Ekanayake & Mihalis Halkides & John R. Ledgerwood, 2012. "Inbound International Tourism To The United States: A Panel Data Analysis," International Journal of Management and Marketing Research, The Institute for Business and Finance Research, vol. 5(3), pages 15-27.
    16. A. George Assaf & Alexander Josiassen & Haemoon Oh, 2016. "Internationalization and hotel performance," Tourism Economics, , vol. 22(3), pages 572-592, June.
    17. Mehdi Hajilo & Mojtaba Ghadiri Masoom & Seyed Hassan Motiee Langroudi & Hassanali Faraji Sabokbar & Lori Pennington-Gray, 2017. "Spatial Analysis of the Distribution of Small Businesses in the Eastern Villages of Gilan Province with Emphasis on the Tourism Sector in Mountainous Regions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-19, December.
    18. Päivi Karhunen & Svetlana Ledyaeva, 2021. "Is Chain Affiliation a Strategic Asset or Constraint in Emerging Economies? Competitive Strategies and Performance in the Russian Hotel Industry," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 61(3), pages 403-427, June.
    19. Assaf, A. George & Josiassen, Alexander & Agbola, Frank W., 2015. "Attracting international hotels: Locational factors that matter most," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 329-340.
    20. Carayannis, Elias G. & Ferreira, Fernando A.F. & Bento, Paulo & Ferreira, João J.M. & Jalali, Marjan S. & Fernandes, Bernardo M.Q., 2018. "Developing a socio-technical evaluation index for tourist destination competitiveness using cognitive mapping and MCDA," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 147-158.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:9:y:2021:i:7:p:777-:d:529263. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.