IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v13y2024i12p2240-d1548750.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Accessibility and Equity of Park Green Spaces: Considering Differences in Walking Speeds Across Age Groups

Author

Listed:
  • Weicong Luo

    (College of Public Administration, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China)

  • Huan Chen

    (School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK)

  • Zihan Yang

    (College of Public Administration, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China)

  • Jinhao Liu

    (College of Public Administration, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China)

Abstract

Previous studies on measuring the accessibility and equity of park green spaces (PGSs) often overlook differences in walking speeds across age groups, which may lead to research results that deviate from actual conditions. This study expands the current literature by investigating whether ignoring age-related differences in walking speeds affects the measurement of PGS accessibility and equity. The Gaussian Two-Step Floating Catchment Area (G2SFCA) method, along with the Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient are used to measure and evaluate the accessibility and equity of PGSs in Wuhan, China, taking into account both average walking speed and variations in walking speed across different age groups. This empirical study reveals significant spatial disparities in walking speeds across Wuhan’s districts, ranging from 77.2 to 78.55 m per minute (m/min), with urban areas having faster walking speeds than suburban areas. This study finds that ignoring variations in walking speed across age groups leads to an overestimation of PGS accessibility and equity in Wuhan. Furthermore, regardless of whether average walking speeds or age-specific walking speeds are considered, spatial disparities in PGS accessibility remain evident, with urban areas demonstrating significantly better accessibility compared to suburban areas. Additionally, small changes in walking speed differences between age groups (−3% to 3%) have minimal impact on accessibility and equity results, demonstrating low sensitivity to variations in speed differences among groups. Overall, scholars and policymakers should consider differences in walking speeds among various populations when planning public facilities such as PGSs to ensure stronger policy support for vulnerable groups and achieve the goal of social equity.

Suggested Citation

  • Weicong Luo & Huan Chen & Zihan Yang & Jinhao Liu, 2024. "Accessibility and Equity of Park Green Spaces: Considering Differences in Walking Speeds Across Age Groups," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-19, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:12:p:2240-:d:1548750
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/13/12/2240/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/13/12/2240/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gordon F. Mulligan, 1991. "Equality Measures And Facility Location," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 70(4), pages 345-365, October.
    2. Ali, Md. Julfikar & Rahaman, Mohidur & Hossain, Sk. Iqbal, 2022. "Urban green spaces for elderly human health: A planning model for healthy city living," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    3. Wong, R.C.P. & Szeto, W.Y. & Yang, Linchuan & Li, Y.C. & Wong, S.C., 2018. "Public transport policy measures for improving elderly mobility," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 73-79.
    4. Karner, Alex, 2018. "Assessing public transit service equity using route-level accessibility measures and public data," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 24-32.
    5. Bo-Xun Huang & Wen-Ying Li & Wen-Juan Ma & Hua Xiao, 2023. "Space Accessibility and Equity of Urban Green Space," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-33, March.
    6. Li, Xin & Ma, Xiaodong & Hu, Zongnan & Li, Siyuan, 2021. "Investigation of urban green space equity at the city level and relevant strategies for improving the provisioning in China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Zhen Yin & Lifei Wang & Zhen Xu, 2025. "Retrofit-Oriented Large Parks’ Walking-Shed Evaluation—A Case Study of Rizhao, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-22, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Klaever, Anke & Rösner, Vanessa & Becker, Sophia & Scheidler, Viktoria, 2024. "Lived expertise of the structurally disadvantaged: towards a more just participatory transport planning process," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, issue Latest Ar, pages 1-18.
    2. Karsu, Özlem & Morton, Alec, 2015. "Inequity averse optimization in operational research," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 245(2), pages 343-359.
    3. Lee, Hasik & Park, Ho-Chul & Kho, Seung-Young & Kim, Dong-Kyu, 2019. "Assessing transit competitiveness in Seoul considering actual transit travel times based on smart card data," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    4. Kassens-Noor, Eva & Cai, Meng & Kotval-Karamchandani, Zeenat & Decaminada, Travis, 2021. "Autonomous vehicles and mobility for people with special needs," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 385-397.
    5. Weckström, Christoffer & Mladenović, Miloš N. & Kujala, Rainer & Saramäki, Jari, 2021. "Navigability assessment of large-scale redesigns in nine public transport networks: Open timetable data approach," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 212-229.
    6. Milenković, Marina & Glavić, Draženko & Maričić, Milica, 2019. "Determining factors affecting congestion pricing acceptability," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 58-74.
    7. Abdul Rais Abdul Latiff & Saidatulakmal Mohd, 2023. "Transport, Mobility and the Wellbeing of Older Adults: An Exploration of Private Chauffeuring and Companionship Services in Malaysia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-17, February.
    8. Zhen Yang & Weijun Gao, 2022. "Evaluating the Coordinated Development between Urban Greening and Economic Growth in Chinese Cities during 2005 to 2019," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-25, August.
    9. Yuhong Tian & Fenghua Liu & Chi Yung Jim & Tiantian Wang & Jingya Luan & Mengxuan Yan, 2022. "Effects of Self-Rated Health Status on Residents’ Social-Benefit Perceptions of Urban Green Space," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-19, August.
    10. Chen, Wendong & Cheng, Long & Chen, Xuewu & Chen, Jingxu & Cao, Mengqiu, 2021. "Measuring accessibility to health care services for older bus passengers: A finer spatial resolution," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    11. Heyer, Johanna & Palm, Matthew & Niemeier, Deb, 2020. "Are we keeping up? Accessibility, equity and air quality in regional planning," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    12. Li, Shengxiao (Alex) & Duan, Hongyu (Anna) & Smith, Tony E. & Hu, Haoyu, 2021. "Time-varying accessibility to senior centers by public transit in Philadelphia," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 245-258.
    13. Zhang, Guozheng & Wang, Dianhai & Cai, Zhengyi & Zeng, Jiaqi, 2024. "Competitiveness of public transit considering travel time reliability: A case study for commuter trips in Hangzhou, China," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    14. Filippos Alogdianakis & Loukas Dimitriou, 2024. "Incorporating equity in multi-objective optimal spatial budget allocation of transit services by tessellating the urban continuum," Public Transport, Springer, vol. 16(3), pages 699-741, October.
    15. Wang, Ruoyu & Cao, Mengqiu & Yao, Yao & Wu, Wenjie, 2022. "The inequalities of different dimensions of visible street urban green space provision: A machine learning approach," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    16. Chong Hyun Park & Gemma Berenguer, 2020. "Supply Constrained Location‐Distribution in Not‐for‐Profit Settings," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 29(11), pages 2461-2483, November.
    17. Lei Mu & Lijun Xing & Ying Jing & Qinjiang Hu, 2023. "Spatial Optimization of Park Green Spaces by an Improved Two-Step Optimization Model from the Perspective of Maximizing Accessibility Equity," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-20, April.
    18. Yingxue Rao & Yi Zhong & Qingsong He & Jingyi Dai, 2022. "Assessing the Equity of Accessibility to Urban Green Space: A Study of 254 Cities in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-20, April.
    19. Goliszek Sławomir, 2022. "The potential accessibility to workplaces and working-age population by means of public and private car transport in Szczecin," Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development, Sciendo, vol. 26(1), pages 31-41, January.
    20. Juyoung Lee & Minji Kang & Sungku Lee & Seoyong Lee, 2022. "Effects of Vegetation Structure on Psychological Restoration in an Urban Rooftop Space," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-11, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:12:p:2240-:d:1548750. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.