IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v20y2023i5p4416-d1084876.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Social Media, Anxiety and COVID-19 Lockdown Measurement Compliance

Author

Listed:
  • Stephanie Rodriguez-Besteiro

    (Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain)

  • Ana Isabel Beltran-Velasco

    (Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Naturaleza, Universidad Antonio de Nebrija, 28240 Madrid, Spain)

  • José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera

    (Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain)

  • Marina Begoña Martínez-González

    (Department of Social Sciences, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia)

  • Eduardo Navarro-Jiménez

    (Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación en Medicina y Biotecnología—IMB, Universidad Libre seccional Barranquilla, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia)

  • Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda

    (Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile)

  • Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez

    (Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

The aim of the present research was to analyze the effect of anxiety levels during the COVID-19 pandemic in the use of social media and compliance with lockdown measures during the confinement. A total of 1723 participants (32.1% males and 77.9% females; 32.6 ± 9.2 years) were interviewed by a Spanish version of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. From the results obtained, the sample was divided into two 50th percentile groups, a high anxiety group (HAG) and a low anxiety group (LAG). We found how the LAG had lower use of social networks such as Facebook and Twitter during confinement. Also, this group presented a higher rate of leaving home during the confinement and higher values in people with whom they had lived with during confinement than high anxiety group. Regardless of the lack of results in the remaining variables, the present study nuances the high levels of anxiety experienced during COVID-19 confinement. The multifactorial analysis of factors related to the perception of anxiety during COVID-19 confinement may be a useful tool to measure multiple social behaviors when examining mental health factors. Thus, explaining and preventing the psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The present knowledge could be used to determine key intervention factors for reducing the perception of fear and anxiety.

Suggested Citation

  • Stephanie Rodriguez-Besteiro & Ana Isabel Beltran-Velasco & José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera & Marina Begoña Martínez-González & Eduardo Navarro-Jiménez & Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda & Vicente Javier Cleme, 2023. "Social Media, Anxiety and COVID-19 Lockdown Measurement Compliance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4416-:d:1084876
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/5/4416/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/5/4416/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez & Eduardo Navarro-Jiménez & Manuel Jimenez & Alberto Hormeño-Holgado & Marina Begoña Martinez-Gonzalez & Juan Camilo Benitez-Agudelo & Natalia Perez-Palencia & Carmen Ce, 2021. "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Public Mental Health: An Extensive Narrative Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-21, March.
    2. Stephanie Rodriguez-Besteiro & José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera & Jesús Fernández-Lucas & Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez, 2021. "Gender Differences in the COVID-19 Pandemic Risk Perception, Psychology, and Behaviors of Spanish University Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-9, April.
    3. Lei Zheng & Miao Miao & JiYoon Lim & Maorui Li & Shu Nie & Xiaojun Zhang, 2020. "Is Lockdown Bad for Social Anxiety in COVID-19 Regions?: A National Study in The SOR Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-12, June.
    4. Yousri Marzouki & Fatimah Salem Aldossari & Giuseppe A. Veltri, 2021. "Understanding the buffering effect of social media use on anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 8(1), pages 1-10, December.
    5. Laato, Samuli & Islam, A.K.M. Najmul & Farooq, Ali & Dhir, Amandeep, 2020. "Unusual purchasing behavior during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: The stimulus-organism-response approach," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    6. Selçuk Özdin & Şükriye Bayrak Özdin, 2020. "Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish society: The importance of gender," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 66(5), pages 504-511, August.
    7. Eleanor Bailey & Alexandra Boland & Imogen Bell & Jennifer Nicholas & Louise La Sala & Jo Robinson, 2022. "The Mental Health and Social Media Use of Young Australians during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-15, January.
    8. Alberto Bermejo-Franco & Juan Luis Sánchez-Sánchez & María Isabel Gaviña-Barroso & Beatriz Atienza-Carbonell & Vicent Balanzá-Martínez & Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez, 2022. "Gender Differences in Psychological Stress Factors of Physical Therapy Degree Students in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-10, January.
    9. Sonia Mukhtar, 2020. "Psychological health during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic outbreak," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 66(5), pages 512-516, August.
    10. Islam, A.K.M. Najmul & Laato, Samuli & Talukder, Shamim & Sutinen, Erkki, 2020. "Misinformation sharing and social media fatigue during COVID-19: An affordance and cognitive load perspective," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    11. Stephanie Rodriguez-Besteiro & Gabriel Valencia-Zapata & Elisama Beltrán de la Rosa & Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez, 2022. "Food Consumption and COVID-19 Risk Perception of University Students," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-11, January.
    12. Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez & Jose Francisco Tornero-Aguilera & Pedro Javier López-Pérez & Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez, 2021. "The Effect of Loneliness in Psychological and Behavioral Profile among High School Students in Spain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    13. Sijia Li & Yilin Wang & Jia Xue & Nan Zhao & Tingshao Zhu, 2020. "The Impact of COVID-19 Epidemic Declaration on Psychological Consequences: A Study on Active Weibo Users," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-9, March.
    14. Philip Ball & Amy Maxmen, 2020. "The epic battle against coronavirus misinformation and conspiracy theories," Nature, Nature, vol. 581(7809), pages 371-374, May.
    15. Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez & Marina Begoña Martínez-González & Juan Camilo Benitez-Agudelo & Eduardo Navarro-Jiménez & Ana Isabel Beltran-Velasco & Pablo Ruisoto & Esperanza Diaz Arroyo & Carmen C, 2021. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Disorders. A Critical Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-25, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Simone Nomie-Sato & Emilia Condes Moreno & Adriana Rico Villanueva & Pascual Chiarella & Jose Francisco Tornero-Aguilera & Ana Isabel Beltrán-Velasco & Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez, 2022. "Gender Differences of University Students in the Online Teaching Quality and Psychological Profile during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-10, November.
    2. Yi Ding & Jie Yang & Tingting Ji & Yongyu Guo, 2021. "Women Suffered More Emotional and Life Distress than Men during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Pathogen Disgust Sensitivity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-9, August.
    3. Liu, Hongfei & Liu, Wentong & Yoganathan, Vignesh & Osburg, Victoria-Sophie, 2021. "COVID-19 information overload and generation Z's social media discontinuance intention during the pandemic lockdown," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    4. Mateusz Ciski & Krzysztof Rząsa, 2023. "Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression in the Investigation of Local COVID-19 Anomalies Based on Population Age Structure in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-23, May.
    5. Naeem, Muhammad & Ozuem, Wilson, 2021. "The role of social media in internet banking transition during COVID-19 pandemic: Using multiple methods and sources in qualitative research," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    6. Sharma, Manu & Kaushal, Deepak & Joshi, Sudhanshu, 2023. "Adverse effect of social media on generation Z user's behavior: Government information support as a moderating variable," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    7. Manli Wu, 2022. "What Drives People to Share Misinformation on Social Media during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Stimulus-Organism-Response Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-18, September.
    8. Samantha Garcia & Suellen Hopfer & Elouise Botes & Samuel Greiff, 2022. "Associations between Coronavirus Crisis Perception, Perceived Economic Risk of Coronavirus, General Self-Efficacy, and Coronavirus Anxiety at the Start of the Pandemic: Differences by Gender and Race," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-15, March.
    9. Zijing Ye & Ruisi Li & Jing Wu, 2022. "Dynamic Demand Evaluation of COVID-19 Medical Facilities in Wuhan Based on Public Sentiment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-22, June.
    10. Nora A. Martínez-Vélez & Miriam Arroyo-Belmonte & Marcela Tiburcio & Guillermina Natera-Rey & Morise Fernández-Torres & Graciela Y. Sánchez-Hernández, 2023. "Psycho-Emotional Factors Associated with Depressive Symptoms during Lockdown Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Mexican Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-10, February.
    11. Arenas Gaitán, Jorge & Ramírez-Correa, Patricio E., 2023. "COVID-19 and telemedicine: A netnography approach," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    12. Yuen, Kum Fai & Tan, Lydia Sonia & Wong, Yiik Diew & Wang, Xueqin, 2022. "Social determinants of panic buying behaviour amidst COVID-19 pandemic: The role of perceived scarcity and anticipated regret," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    13. Imran Aslan & Dominika Ochnik & Orhan Çınar, 2020. "Exploring Perceived Stress among Students in Turkey during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-16, December.
    14. Anastasia Theodorou & Leonidas Hatzithomas & Thomas Fotiadis & Anastasios Diamantidis & Antonios Gasteratos, 2023. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Online Consumer Behavior: Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-17, January.
    15. Sylwia Michałowska & Karolina Rachubińska & Krystian Konieczny, 2022. "Anxiety, Stress Coping Styles and Hope for Success among Graduate Students and High School Graduates during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Moderating Role of Remote Learning," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-13, August.
    16. Bermes, Alena, 2021. "Information overload and fake news sharing: A transactional stress perspective exploring the mitigating role of consumers’ resilience during COVID-19," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    17. Ali Zackery & Joseph Amankwah-Amoah & Zahra Heidari Darani & Shiva Ghasemi, 2022. "COVID-19 Research in Business and Management: A Review and Future Research Agenda," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-32, August.
    18. Karolina Perèiæ & Milica Slijepèeviæ & Pedja Ašanin Gole, 2023. "Factors influencing the purchase of fashion products before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: the example of Serbia," Zbornik radova Ekonomskog fakulteta u Rijeci/Proceedings of Rijeka Faculty of Economics, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Economics and Business, vol. 41(1), pages 65-89.
    19. Israel Escudero-Castillo & Fco. Javier Mato-Díaz & Ana Rodriguez-Alvarez, 2021. "Furloughs, Teleworking and Other Work Situations during the COVID-19 Lockdown: Impact on Mental Well-Being," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-16, March.
    20. S. Brent Jackson & Kathryn T. Stevenson & Lincoln R. Larson & M. Nils Peterson & Erin Seekamp, 2021. "Outdoor Activity Participation Improves Adolescents’ Mental Health and Well-Being during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-18, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4416-:d:1084876. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.