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Effects of Different Hamstring Eccentric Exercise Programs on Preventing Lower Extremity Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Chenxi Hu

    (Department of Chinese Academy of Sport and Health, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Zhikun Du

    (Department of Chinese Academy of Sport and Health, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Mei Tao

    (Department of Chinese Academy of Sport and Health, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China)

  • Yafeng Song

    (Department of Chinese Academy of Sport and Health, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China)

Abstract

This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the effects and differences of various hamstring eccentric training protocols for the prevention of lower limb injuries, and we further propose a more refined hamstring eccentric training protocol for the prevention of lower limb injuries. A literature search for the effects of hamstring eccentric training on lower extremity sports injuries was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases, and the literature was searched covering the period from the date of the database’s creation to 20 August 2022. A meta-analysis of the included literature was performed using R.4.21 for lower extremity injuries, injuries in various parts of the lower extremity, and subgroup analysis for exercise frequency, exercise cycle, and exercise population. A total of 23 randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies were found to be included in the meta-analysis, and 15 of these trials, totaling 14,721 patients, were determined to be included in the overall lower extremity injury prevention effect. The analysis showed that the implementation of a hamstring eccentric training program reduced lower extremity injuries by 28%, and it resulted in a 46% decrease in hamstring injury rate and a 34% decrease in knee injury rate. The subgroup analysis revealed that the frequency of exercise was most significant in the twice-a-week exercise group, that the exercise program was most effective in preventing injuries in the 21–30-week exercise period, and that the program was most effective in preventing injuries in elite athletes and amateur adult athletic populations, compared with adolescents.

Suggested Citation

  • Chenxi Hu & Zhikun Du & Mei Tao & Yafeng Song, 2023. "Effects of Different Hamstring Eccentric Exercise Programs on Preventing Lower Extremity Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:2057-:d:1044569
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Matias Hilska & Mari Leppänen & Tommi Vasankari & Sari Aaltonen & Jani Raitanen & Anu M. Räisänen & Kathrin Steffen & Hannele Forsman & Niilo Konttinen & Urho M. Kujala & Kati Pasanen, 2021. "Adherence to an Injury Prevention Warm-Up Program in Children’s Soccer—A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Carlo Biz & Pietro Nicoletti & Giovanni Baldin & Nicola Luigi Bragazzi & Alberto Crimì & Pietro Ruggieri, 2021. "Hamstring Strain Injury (HSI) Prevention in Professional and Semi-Professional Football Teams: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-15, August.
    3. Matthew J Page & Joanne E McKenzie & Patrick M Bossuyt & Isabelle Boutron & Tammy C Hoffmann & Cynthia D Mulrow & Larissa Shamseer & Jennifer M Tetzlaff & Elie A Akl & Sue E Brennan & Roger Chou & Jul, 2021. "The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(3), pages 1-15, March.
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