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Examining Older Adults’ Home Functioning Using the American Housing Survey

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  • Mi Jung Lee

    (Department of Nutrition, Metabolism & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA)

  • Daejin Kim

    (Department of Interior Design, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA)

  • Sergio Romero

    (Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
    Veterans Rural Health Resource Center–Gainesville, Office of Rural Health, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA)

  • Ickpyo Hong

    (Department of Occupational Therapy, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Korea)

  • Nikolay Bliznyuk

    (Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA)

  • Craig Velozo

    (Division of Occupational Therapy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA)

Abstract

Identifying individuals at risk of experiencing functional difficulty at home would support timely home safety assessment and modification services, which could lead to reducing home incidents such as falls. The objective of this study was to calculate older adults’ functional difficulty at home scores using the 12 physical function items in the American Housing Survey National and Metropolitan Data (AHS). Among the 28,474 older adults selected for this study, we used 19,932 for measurement model development and 8542 for model testing. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed an adequate fit of the one-dimensional model with all AHS 12 items loading on one latent construct (functional difficulty at home) (RMSEA: 0.034, CFI: 0.990, and TLI: 0.988). Based on our model selection process, we determined that the Graded Response Model was an optimal model for our analysis and separated two detected differential functioning items for each sex. Using the testing dataset, we validated that the estimated functional difficulty scores showed an expected item hierarchy and statistically significant differences in their association with housing and demographic conditions ( p < 0.001). Our results demonstrated the process of using the 12 AHS physical function at home items to produce validated scores of older adults’ functional difficulty at home.

Suggested Citation

  • Mi Jung Lee & Daejin Kim & Sergio Romero & Ickpyo Hong & Nikolay Bliznyuk & Craig Velozo, 2022. "Examining Older Adults’ Home Functioning Using the American Housing Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:8:p:4691-:d:792913
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chalmers, R. Philip, 2016. "Generating Adaptive and Non-Adaptive Test Interfaces for Multidimensional Item Response Theory Applications," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 71(i05).
    2. Chalmers, R. Philip, 2012. "mirt: A Multidimensional Item Response Theory Package for the R Environment," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 48(i06).
    3. Jersey Liang & Joan M. Bennett & Benjamin A. Shaw & Ana R. Quiñones & Wen Ye & Xiao Xu & Mary Beth Ofstedal, 2008. "Gender Differences in Functional Status in Middle and Older Age: Are There Any Age Variations?," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 63(5), pages 282-292.
    4. Northridge, M.E. & Nevitt, M.C. & Kelsey, J.L. & Link, B., 1995. "Home hazards and falls in the elderly: The role of health and functional status," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 85(4), pages 509-515.
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