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Understanding Social Determinants of First Nations Health Using a Four-Domain Model of Health and Wellness Based on the Medicine Wheel: Findings from a Community Survey in One First Nation

Author

Listed:
  • Bryan Tanner

    (Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 100 Collip Circle, London, ON N6G 4X8, Canada)

  • Sara Plain

    (E’Mino Bmaad-Zijig Health Centre, Aamjiwnaang First Nation, 1300 Tashmoo Ave, Sarnia, ON N7T 7H5, Canada)

  • Tracey George

    (E’Mino Bmaad-Zijig Health Centre, Aamjiwnaang First Nation, 1300 Tashmoo Ave, Sarnia, ON N7T 7H5, Canada)

  • Julie George

    (Mental Health, Addiction and Violence Support Program, Kettle & Stony Point Health Services, A-6275 Indian Lane, Kettle & Stony Point First Nation, Lambton Shores, ON N0N 1J1, Canada)

  • Christopher J. Mushquash

    (Department of Psychology, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Rd, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
    Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Rd, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
    Dilico Anishinabek Family Care, 200 Anemki Pl, Fort William First Nation, ON P7J 1L6, Canada
    Centre for Rural and Northern Health Research, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada)

  • Sharon Bernards

    (Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 100 Collip Circle, London, ON N6G 4X8, Canada)

  • Melody Morton Ninomiya

    (Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 100 Collip Circle, London, ON N6G 4X8, Canada
    Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada)

  • Samantha Wells

    (Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 100 Collip Circle, London, ON N6G 4X8, Canada
    Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russel Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3M1, Canada
    Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 150 College St, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
    Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, 1151 Richmond St., London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada)

Abstract

We examined the explanatory roles of social determinants of health (SDOH) for First Nations people using a four-domain model of health and wellness based on the Medicine Wheel (i.e., physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health), including colonial-linked stressors (i.e., historical trauma, childhood adversities, racial discrimination) and cultural resilience factors (i.e., cultural strengths, traditional healing practices, social support). Data were collected in partnership with a First Nation in Ontario, Canada in 2013 through a community survey ( n = 194). For each outcome (physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health), a modified Poisson regression model estimated prevalence ratios for the SDOH, adjusting for age, sex, education, and marital status. Negative associations were found for historical trauma with physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health; for childhood adversities with mental health; and for racial discrimination with physical, mental, and emotional health. Positive associations were found for cultural strengths with physical, mental, and emotional health and for social support with physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health. We observed negative associations between use of traditional healing practices and mental and emotional health. Our findings suggest that these SDOH may play important roles in relation to wellness through associations with the domains of health modelled by the Medicine Wheel.

Suggested Citation

  • Bryan Tanner & Sara Plain & Tracey George & Julie George & Christopher J. Mushquash & Sharon Bernards & Melody Morton Ninomiya & Samantha Wells, 2022. "Understanding Social Determinants of First Nations Health Using a Four-Domain Model of Health and Wellness Based on the Medicine Wheel: Findings from a Community Survey in One First Nation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-10, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:5:p:2836-:d:761116
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Nelson, Sarah E. & Wilson, Kathi, 2017. "The mental health of Indigenous peoples in Canada: A critical review of research," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 93-112.
    3. Morton Ninomiya, Melody E. & Tanner, Bryan & Peach, Laura J. & George, Ningwakwe & Plain, Sara & George, Tracey & Graham, Kathryn & Bernards, Sharon & Brubacher, Laura Jane & Wells, Samantha, 2022. "Anishinabek sources of strength: Learning from First Nations people who have experienced mental health and substance use challenges," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 309(C).
    4. Brady, Maggie, 1995. "Culture in treatment, culture as treatment. A critical appraisal of developments in addictions programs for indigenous North Americans and Australians," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 41(11), pages 1487-1498, December.
    5. Yin Paradies & Jehonathan Ben & Nida Denson & Amanuel Elias & Naomi Priest & Alex Pieterse & Arpana Gupta & Margaret Kelaher & Gilbert Gee, 2015. "Racism as a Determinant of Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(9), pages 1-48, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Elaine Toombs & Jessie Lund & Aislin R. Mushquash & Christopher J. Mushquash, 2022. "Predictors of Land-Based Activity Participation in a National Representative Sample of Indigenous Individuals Living Off-Reserve," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-13, June.

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