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Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Patterns and Risk of Chronic Diseases of Lifestyle among University Students in Kenya

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  • Moriasi Abednego Nyanchoka

    (Division of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000, South Africa)

  • Martha Elizabeth van Stuijvenberg

    (Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 8000, South Africa)

  • Ayuk Betrand Tambe

    (Division of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000, South Africa)

  • Mthokozisi Kwazi Zuma

    (Division of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000, South Africa)

  • Xikombiso Gertrude Mbhenyane

    (Division of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000, South Africa)

Abstract

This study assesses the fruit and vegetable consumption patterns and risk factors for chronic diseases of lifestyle (CDL) among young adults attending Kenyatta University, Kenya. Four hundred and twenty-three young adults aged 19–30 years participated in the cross-sectional study. Males were 75.0% less likely to be overweight than females (OR = 0.25; 0.13–0.47). The mean overall consumption of fruit and/or vegetables amounted to 3.6 servings in a typical day. Eight in ten participants consumed lower amounts of fruits and vegetables than recommended by the WHO. At least one combined risk factor of CDL was observed among 91.3% of the young adults. About 8.7% of the participants were classified as low risk for CDL (having none of the five risk factors), 48.9% had one risk factor, 32.9% had two risk factors, 8.5% had three risk factors, while 0.9% had four risk factors. A significant relationship between daily fruit consumption and waist circumference was observed. These findings show the dire need to develop public health nutrition activities aimed at increasing the intake of fruit and vegetables and sensitizing young adults, and the general population, to the risk factors of CDL.

Suggested Citation

  • Moriasi Abednego Nyanchoka & Martha Elizabeth van Stuijvenberg & Ayuk Betrand Tambe & Mthokozisi Kwazi Zuma & Xikombiso Gertrude Mbhenyane, 2022. "Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Patterns and Risk of Chronic Diseases of Lifestyle among University Students in Kenya," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-19, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:12:p:6965-:d:833025
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Karl Peltzer & Supa Pengpid, 2015. "Correlates of healthy fruit and vegetable diet in students in low, middle and high income countries," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 60(1), pages 79-90, January.
    2. Alexandre Sá & Bárbara Peleteiro, 2018. "The effect of chronic disease family history on the adoption of healthier lifestyles," International Journal of Health Planning and Management, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(4), pages 906-917, October.
    3. Lovro Štefan & Marko Čule & Ivan Milinović & Dora Juranko & Goran Sporiš, 2017. "The Relationship between Lifestyle Factors and Body Compositionin Young Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-11, August.
    4. Ocean, Neel & Howley, Peter & Ensor, Jonathan, 2019. "Lettuce be happy: A longitudinal UK study on the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and well-being," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 222(C), pages 335-345.
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