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The Relationship between Lifestyle Factors and Body Compositionin Young Adults

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  • Lovro Štefan

    (Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Marko Čule

    (Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Ivan Milinović

    (Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Dora Juranko

    (Boutique Fitnes Studio “Vježbaonica”, Center for Recreationand Fitness, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Goran Sporiš

    (Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

Background: Little is known of how lifestyle factors might influence on body composition parameters in young adults from Croatia. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the lifestyle factors and body composition in young adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, participants were 271 university students (59.0% of women). Body composition was measured by using bioelectric impendance analysis (BIA). Blood pressure and heart rate were measured according to standardized protocol and Mediterranean diet adherence (MD), physical activity (PA) and psychological distress (PD) were assessed with validated questionnaires. Results: Self-rated health (SRH) and PA were inversely associated with weight, body-mass index (BMI), fat-mass percentage and blood pressure in men and with weight, BMI, fat-mass percentage and heart rate in women. Higher levels of SRH and PA were positively associated with fat-free mass percentage in both men and women. Smoking was positively associatedwith BMI and fat-mass percentage in women and with heart rate in men. Alcohol consumption was positively associated with weight and BMI in women and fat-mass percentage and heart rate in men, yet inversely associated with fat-free mass percentage only in men. PD was positively associated with weight and blood pressure in men and with BMI, fat-mass percentage and blood pressure in women. Conclusions: Our study shows that higher levels of SRH, MD and PA are related with healthy body composition parameters in young adults. Special interventions and policies that enhance PA and MD and decrease substance use and misuse (SUM) and PD should be implemented within the university school systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Lovro Štefan & Marko Čule & Ivan Milinović & Dora Juranko & Goran Sporiš, 2017. "The Relationship between Lifestyle Factors and Body Compositionin Young Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-11, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:8:p:893-:d:107499
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Saarni, S.E. & Pietiläinen, K. & Kantonen, S. & Rissanen, A. & Kaprio, J., 2009. "Association of smoking in adolescence with abdominal obesity in adulthood: A follow-up study of 5 birth cohorts of Finnish twins," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 99(2), pages 348-354.
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    1. Carmen Sayón-Orea & Susana Santiago & Maira Bes-Rastrollo & Miguel A. Martínez-González & Maria R. Pastor & Maria J. Moreno-Aliaga & Josep A. Tur & Aquilino Garcia & J. Alfredo Martínez, 2018. "Determinants of Self-Rated Health Perception in a Sample of a Physically Active Population: PLENUFAR VI Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-12, September.
    2. Maja Grujičić & Miloš Ilić & Budimka Novaković & Aleksandra Vrkatić & Zagorka Lozanov-Crvenković, 2022. "Prevalence and Associated Factors of Physical Activity among Medical Students from the Western Balkans," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-16, June.
    3. Nikita A. Mitkin & Tatiana N. Unguryanu & Sofia Malyutina & Alexander V. Kudryavtsev, 2023. "Association between Alcohol Consumption and Body Composition in Russian Adults and Patients Treated for Alcohol-Related Disorders: The Know Your Heart Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-17, February.
    4. Moriasi Abednego Nyanchoka & Martha Elizabeth van Stuijvenberg & Ayuk Betrand Tambe & Mthokozisi Kwazi Zuma & Xikombiso Gertrude Mbhenyane, 2022. "Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Patterns and Risk of Chronic Diseases of Lifestyle among University Students in Kenya," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-19, June.

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