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Economic Burden of Depressive Symptoms Conditions among Middle-Aged and Elderly People with Hypertension in China

Author

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  • Yun Wu

    (Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510030, China
    Authors contribute equally to this article.)

  • Dongbao Zhao

    (Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510030, China
    Authors contribute equally to this article.)

  • Jianwei Guo

    (Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510030, China)

  • Yingsi Lai

    (Department of Health Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510030, China)

  • Lijin Chen

    (Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510030, China)

  • Sihui Jin

    (Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510030, China)

  • Yixiang Huang

    (Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510030, China)

Abstract

People with hypertension are more prone to incur depressive symptoms, while depressive symptoms have an obvious influence on the healthy functioning, treatment, and management of hypertensive patients. However, there have been limited studies on the association between depression and the economic burden of hypertension. We used data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to estimate the additional annual direct and indirect economic burden of depressive symptoms among middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients with a multivariable regression model. The depressive symptoms were associated with substantial additional direct and indirect economic burden. Compared with non-co-MHDS (non-co-morbid hypertension and depressive symptoms) patients, the direct economic burden of lower co-MHDS (co-morbid hypertension and depressive symptoms) patients and higher co-MHDS patients increased 1887.4 CNY and 5508.4 CNY, respectively. For indirect economic burden, the lower co-MHDS patients increased 331.2 CNY and the higher co-MHDS patients increased 636.8 CNY. Both direct and indirect economic burden were incremental with the aggravation of depressive symptoms. The results showed depressive symptoms increased total healthcare costs by increasing the utilization and expenditure of primary healthcare services. Depressive symptoms also led to economic loss of productivity, especially for agricultural workers. This study highlights the importance of mental healthcare for hypertensive patients.

Suggested Citation

  • Yun Wu & Dongbao Zhao & Jianwei Guo & Yingsi Lai & Lijin Chen & Sihui Jin & Yixiang Huang, 2021. "Economic Burden of Depressive Symptoms Conditions among Middle-Aged and Elderly People with Hypertension in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-11, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:19:p:10009-:d:641392
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chee‐Ruey Hsieh & Xuezheng Qin, 2018. "Depression hurts, depression costs: The medical spending attributable to depression and depressive symptoms in China," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(3), pages 525-544, March.
    2. Borislava Mihaylova & Andrew Briggs & Anthony O'Hagan & Simon G. Thompson, 2011. "Review of statistical methods for analysing healthcare resources and costs," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 20(8), pages 897-916, August.
    3. Jinqi Jiang & Wanzhen Huang & Zhenhua Wang & Guangsheng Zhang, 2019. "The Effect of Health on Labour Supply of Rural Elderly People in China—An Empirical Analysis Using CHARLS Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-15, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gun-Young Lee & Kyung-O Kim & Jae-Hyeong Ryu & Sun-Hee Park & Hae-Ryong Chung & Marcia Butler, 2022. "Exploring Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity in Korean Older Patients with Hypertension: Photovoice Inquiry," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-22, October.
    2. Yun Wu & Sihui Jin & Jianwei Guo & Yi Zhu & Lijin Chen & Yixiang Huang, 2022. "The Economic Burden Associated with Depressive Symptoms among Middle-Aged and Elderly People with Chronic Diseases in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-14, October.

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