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Barriers to the Digitization of Health Information: A Qualitative and Quantitative Study in Kenya and Lao PDR Using a Cloud-Based Maternal and Child Registration System

Author

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  • Tarek Numair

    (Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
    Department of Ecoepidemiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan)

  • Daniel Toshio Harrell

    (Department of Ecoepidemiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
    Dell Medical School, The University of Texas in Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA)

  • Nguyen Tien Huy

    (School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan)

  • Futoshi Nishimoto

    (School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan)

  • Yvonne Muthiani

    (Nairobi Research Station, Nagasaki University-Institute of Tropical Medicine—Kenya Medical Research Institute (NUITM-KEMRI) Project, Nairobi 19993-00202, Kenya
    Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland)

  • Samson Muuo Nzou

    (Nairobi Research Station, Nagasaki University-Institute of Tropical Medicine—Kenya Medical Research Institute (NUITM-KEMRI) Project, Nairobi 19993-00202, Kenya
    Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi 54840-00200, Kenya)

  • Angkhana Lasaphonh

    (Savannakhet Provincial Health Department, Savannakhet 13000, Laos)

  • Khomsonerasinh Palama

    (Savannakhet Provincial Health Department, Savannakhet 13000, Laos)

  • Tiengkham Pongvongsa

    (Savannakhet Provincial Health Department, Savannakhet 13000, Laos)

  • Kazuhiko Moji

    (School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan)

  • Kenji Hirayama

    (Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan)

  • Satoshi Kaneko

    (Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
    Department of Ecoepidemiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
    Nairobi Research Station, Nagasaki University-Institute of Tropical Medicine—Kenya Medical Research Institute (NUITM-KEMRI) Project, Nairobi 19993-00202, Kenya)

Abstract

Digitalization of health information can assist patient information management and improve health services even in low middle-income countries. We have implemented a mother and child health registration system in the study areas of Kenya and Lao PDR to evaluate barriers to digitalization. We conducted in-depth interviews with 20 healthcare workers (HCWs) who used the system and analyzed it qualitatively with thematic framework analysis. Quantitatively, we analyzed the quality of recorded data according to missing information by the logistic regression analysis. The qualitative analysis identified six themes related to digitalization: satisfaction with the system, mothers’ resistance, need for training, double work, working environment, and other resources. The quantitative analysis showed that data entry errors improved around 10% to 80% based on odds ratios in subsequent quarters compared to first quarter periods. The number of registration numbers was not significantly related to the data quality, but the motivation, including financial incentives among HCWs, was related to the registration behavior. Considering both analysis results, workload and motivation to maintain high performance were significant obstacles to implementing a digital health system. We recommend enhancing the scope and focus on human needs and satisfaction as a significant factor for digital system durability and sustainability.

Suggested Citation

  • Tarek Numair & Daniel Toshio Harrell & Nguyen Tien Huy & Futoshi Nishimoto & Yvonne Muthiani & Samson Muuo Nzou & Angkhana Lasaphonh & Khomsonerasinh Palama & Tiengkham Pongvongsa & Kazuhiko Moji & Ke, 2021. "Barriers to the Digitization of Health Information: A Qualitative and Quantitative Study in Kenya and Lao PDR Using a Cloud-Based Maternal and Child Registration System," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:12:p:6196-:d:570880
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Maria Antonopoulou & Theodore Kotsilieris, 2019. "A Literature Review of User Satisfaction Models Towards Information System Success," International Journal of E-Services and Mobile Applications (IJESMA), IGI Global, vol. 11(2), pages 71-87, April.
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    3. Dina Metwally, 2014. "Patients' Satisfaction with Primary Health Care in Egypt: Exploring the Gap between Rural and Urban Governorates," Journal of Social and Development Sciences, AMH International, vol. 5(4), pages 221-230.
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    Cited by:

    1. Angelos I. Stoumpos & Fotis Kitsios & Michael A. Talias, 2023. "Digital Transformation in Healthcare: Technology Acceptance and Its Applications," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-44, February.

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