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Comparative Analysis of User Exposure to the Electromagnetic Radiation Emitted by the Fourth and Fifth Generations of Wi-Fi Communication Devices

Author

Listed:
  • Annamaria Sârbu

    (Communications, IT and Cyber Defense Department, “Nicolae Bălcescu” Land Forces Academy, 550170 Sibiu, Romania)

  • Simona Miclăuș

    (Communications, IT and Cyber Defense Department, “Nicolae Bălcescu” Land Forces Academy, 550170 Sibiu, Romania)

  • Angela Digulescu

    (Telecommunications and Information Technology Department, “Ferdinand I” Military Technical Academy, 050141 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Paul Bechet

    (Communications, IT and Cyber Defense Department, “Nicolae Bălcescu” Land Forces Academy, 550170 Sibiu, Romania)

Abstract

A suitable metric to describe human exposure to microwaves emitted by wireless communication devices is still incomplete. By using both theoretical analysis and experimental validation (in controlled and real deployed networks), we analyze and compare the specificity of exposure due to data transmissions in different configurations of fourth and fifth generation wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) standards in the proximity of a mobile device. Measurements made use of the capability of the amplitude probability density incorporated in a real-time spectrum analyzer, proving its agility of highlighting different user exposure profiles. The results are presented comparatively and indicate that, in Wi-Fi networks, the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) should be used together with the duty cycle for an improved exposure assessment. The present work introduces the emitted energy density per bit in describing the user’s exposure to Wi-Fi signals and proves its superiority in characterizing the true levels of exposure for the IEEE 802.11n and 802.11ac standards of communication.

Suggested Citation

  • Annamaria Sârbu & Simona Miclăuș & Angela Digulescu & Paul Bechet, 2020. "Comparative Analysis of User Exposure to the Electromagnetic Radiation Emitted by the Fourth and Fifth Generations of Wi-Fi Communication Devices," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-21, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:23:p:8837-:d:452547
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Raquel Ramirez-Vazquez & Sameer Arabasi & Hussein Al-Taani & Suhad Sbeih & Jesus Gonzalez-Rubio & Isabel Escobar & Enrique Arribas, 2020. "Georeferencing of Personal Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields from Wi-Fi in a University Area," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-19, March.
    2. Emma Chiaramello & Marta Bonato & Serena Fiocchi & Gabriella Tognola & Marta Parazzini & Paolo Ravazzani & Joe Wiart, 2019. "Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Exposure Assessment in Indoor Environments: A Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-29, March.
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