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Examining the Impact of Two Dimensions of Precarious Employment, Vulnerability and Insecurity on the Self-Reported Health of Men, Women and Migrants in Australia

Author

Listed:
  • Alison Daly

    (School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia)

  • Marc B. Schenker

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA)

  • Elena Ronda-Perez

    (Public Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 Alicante, Spain)

  • Alison Reid

    (School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia)

Abstract

Precarious employment is increasing and adversely affects health. We aimed to investigate how perception of precariousness in current employment impacts gender and migrant workers in Australia. Using cross-sectional interviews of 1292 workers born in Australia, New Zealand, India and the Philippines, data were collected on self-reported health, employment conditions and sociodemographics. Factor analysis of nine questions about perceptions of current employment revealed two dimensions, vulnerability and insecurity. Women had higher vulnerability scores (µ = 6.5 vs. µ = 5.5, t = 5.40, p -value ( p ) < 0.000) but lower insecurity scores (µ = 8.6 vs. µ = 9.3 t = −4.160 p < 0.0003) than men. Filipino-born workers had higher vulnerability compared with other migrant workers (µ = 6.5 vs. µ = 5.8 t = −3.47 p < 0.0003), and workers born in India had higher insecurity compared with other migrant workers (µ = 9.8 vs. µ = 8.9, t = −6.1 p < 0.0001). While the prevalence of insecurity varied by migrant status, the negative effect on health was higher for Australian-born workers than migrants. Increasing levels of vulnerability and insecurity impacted self-reported health negatively (Coefficient (Coef).0.34 p < 0.0001; Coef.0.25 p < 0.0001, respectively). The combination of high vulnerability and high insecurity had the greatest impact on health (Coef. 2.37 p = 0.002), followed by high vulnerability and moderate insecurity (Coef. 2.0 p = 0.007). Our study suggests that understanding both changes in employment conditions over time as well as knowledge of cultural patterns may offer the best chance of understanding the impact of precarious employment experiences.

Suggested Citation

  • Alison Daly & Marc B. Schenker & Elena Ronda-Perez & Alison Reid, 2020. "Examining the Impact of Two Dimensions of Precarious Employment, Vulnerability and Insecurity on the Self-Reported Health of Men, Women and Migrants in Australia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:20:p:7540-:d:429918
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rebecca Cassells & Alan S Duncan & Astghik Mavisakalyan & John Phillimore & Richard Seymour & Yashar Tarverdi, 2018. "Future of Work in Australia: Preparing for tomorrow’s world," Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre Report series FS06, Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (BCEC), Curtin Business School.
    2. Basak Yanar & Agnieszka Kosny & Peter M. Smith, 2018. "Occupational Health and Safety Vulnerability of Recent Immigrants and Refugees," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-16, September.
    3. Richard Williams, 2012. "Using the margins command to estimate and interpret adjusted predictions and marginal effects," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 12(2), pages 308-331, June.
    4. Alison Daly & Renee N. Carey & Ellie Darcey & HuiJun Chih & Anthony D. LaMontagne & Allison Milner & Alison Reid, 2019. "Using Three Cross-Sectional Surveys to Compare Workplace Psychosocial Stressors and Associated Mental Health Status in Six Migrant Groups Working in Australia Compared with Australian-Born Workers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-15, February.
    5. Carmelo García-Pérez & Mercedes Prieto-Alaiz & Hipólito Simón, 2017. "A New Multidimensional Approach to Measuring Precarious Employment," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 134(2), pages 437-454, November.
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