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The Predictive Role of Affectivity, Self-Esteem and Social Support in Depression and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents

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  • Wenceslao Peñate

    (Departamento de Psicología Clínica, Psicobiología y Metodología, Facultad de Psicología, Campus de Guajara, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
    Instituto Universitario de Neurociencia, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain)

  • Melissa González-Loyola

    (Departmento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Concepción, 4030000 Concepción, Chile)

  • Cristian Oyanadel

    (Departmento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Concepción, 4030000 Concepción, Chile)

Abstract

Background: This study analyzes the relationship between depression and anxiety levels and positive and negative affect, self-esteem, and perceived social support from family and friends in an early and middle adolescent sample. These are psychological variables that are often associated with the prediction of emotional disorders, especially depression. Methods: Participants ( N = 467) were a representative sample of this group of adolescents and were recruited from schools in the city of Concepción, Chile. Part of the sample ( N = 177) was assessed three additional times—at one-, two-, and four-month intervals. Results: Results showed a practical stability of all measures across the four intervals, with no significant differences between sexes. Anxiety and depression displayed a similar pattern of significant relationships with affectivity, self-esteem, and social support. Depression had a higher correlation coefficient (−0.47) with positive affect, and so did anxiety with negative affect (0.58). Conclusions: Taking into account 23 initial scores on affectivity, self-esteem, and social support in predicting both depression and anxiety scores at one-month, two-month, and four-month intervals, positive affect was present in three regression analyses, predicting depression scores; negative affect was present in anxiety scores. Results are discussed according to previous findings, as well as the tripartite model.

Suggested Citation

  • Wenceslao Peñate & Melissa González-Loyola & Cristian Oyanadel, 2020. "The Predictive Role of Affectivity, Self-Esteem and Social Support in Depression and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-11, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:19:p:6984-:d:418515
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Melanie Schubert & Janice Hegewald & Alice Freiberg & Karla Romero Starke & Franziska Augustin & Steffi G. Riedel-Heller & Hajo Zeeb & Andreas Seidler, 2019. "Behavioral and Emotional Disorders and Transportation Noise among Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-16, September.
    2. Benito León-del-Barco & Santiago Mendo-Lázaro & María I. Polo-del-Río & Víctor M. López-Ramos, 2019. "Parental Psychological Control and Emotional and Behavioral Disorders among Spanish Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-13, February.
    3. Anne-Laura van Harmelen & Jenny L Gibson & Michelle C St Clair & Matt Owens & Jeannette Brodbeck & Valerie Dunn & Gemma Lewis & Tim Croudace & Peter B Jones & Rogier A Kievit & Ian M Goodyer, 2016. "Friendships and Family Support Reduce Subsequent Depressive Symptoms in At-Risk Adolescents," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(5), pages 1-20, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rafael Zapata-Lamana & Cristian Sanhueza-Campos & Marcia Stuardo-Álvarez & Jessica Ibarra-Mora & Marcela Mardones-Contreras & Daniel Reyes-Molina & Jaime Vásquez-Gómez & Nicole Lasserre-Laso & Felipe , 2021. "Anxiety, Low Self-Esteem and a Low Happiness Index Are Associated with Poor School Performance in Chilean Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-18, November.
    2. Yuhang Wu & Huilie Zheng & Zhitao Liu & Shengwei Wang & Xiaoyun Chen & Huiqiang Yu & Yong Liu & Songbo Hu, 2021. "Depression and Anxiety-Free Life Expectancy by Sex and Urban–Rural Areas in Jiangxi, China in 2013 and 2018," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-11, February.
    3. María Elena Gutiérrez-Hernández & Luisa Fernanda Fanjul & Alicia Díaz-Megolla & Pablo Reyes-Hurtado & Jonay Francisco Herrera-Rodríguez & María del Pilar Enjuto-Castellanos & Wenceslao Peñate, 2021. "COVID-19 Lockdown and Mental Health in a Sample Population in Spain: The Role of Self-Compassion," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-14, February.
    4. Johanna Sander & Markus Moessner & Stephanie Bauer, 2021. "Depression, Anxiety and Eating Disorder-Related Impairment: Moderators in Female Adolescents and Young Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-12, March.

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