IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v17y2020i18p6583-d411326.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Production of Vegetables and Artichokes Is Associated with Lower Cardiovascular Mortality: An Ecological Study

Author

Listed:
  • Alberto Arnedo-Pena

    (Health Sciences Department, Public University Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
    Epidemiology Division Public Health Center, 12003 Castello de la Plana, Spain
    Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Joan Puig-Barberà

    (Vaccines Research Area FISABIO, 46020 Valencia, Spain)

  • Juan Bellido-Blasco

    (Epidemiology Division Public Health Center, 12003 Castello de la Plana, Spain
    Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Epidemiology Department, Jaume I University, 12006 Castelló de la Plana, Spain)

  • MªAngeles Romeu-Garcia

    (Epidemiology Division Public Health Center, 12003 Castello de la Plana, Spain)

  • Mª Rosario Pac-Sa

    (Epidemiology Division Public Health Center, 12003 Castello de la Plana, Spain)

  • Francisco Guillen-Grima

    (Health Sciences Department, Public University Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain)

Abstract

Mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), including cerebrovascular disease (CED) and ischaemic heart disease (IHD), was considerably different in eight municipalities of the province of Castellón, Community of Valencia (Spain) during the period of 1991–2011. In addition, these villages showed differences in agricultural practices and production. Since high vegetable consumption has been linked to decreased all-cause, CVD, and CED mortalities, we hypothesized that the diversity in vegetable and artichoke production, used as proxies for their consumption, could be associated with the diversity of mortality rates. In order to test our hypothesis, we estimated the smoothed standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) of CVD, CED, and IHD mortalities and a directed, age-adjusted mortality rate (AMR). We used a multilevel linear regression analysis to account for the ecological nature of our study. After adjustment, the CVD and CED SMRs were inversely associated with vegetable and artichoke production, with a reduction in SMRs for CVD: −0.19 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] −0.31 to −0.07) and −0.42 (95% CI −0.70 to −0.15) per hectare/10 3 inhabitants, respectively. The SMRs for CED also decreased: −0.68 (95% CI −1.61 to −0.19) and −1.47 (95% CI −2.57 to −0.36) per hectare/10 3 inhabitants, respectively. The SMRs for IHD were not associated with vegetal and artichoke production. When the directed AMR was used, CED mortality was consistent with the previous results, whereas the CVD mortality association was lost. Our results indicate that vegetable and artichoke production may act as protective factors of CED and CVD mortalities.

Suggested Citation

  • Alberto Arnedo-Pena & Joan Puig-Barberà & Juan Bellido-Blasco & MªAngeles Romeu-Garcia & Mª Rosario Pac-Sa & Francisco Guillen-Grima, 2020. "Production of Vegetables and Artichokes Is Associated with Lower Cardiovascular Mortality: An Ecological Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:18:p:6583-:d:411326
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/18/6583/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/18/6583/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen & Mireia Gascon & David Martinez & Anna Ponjoan & Jordi Blanch & Maria del Mar Garcia-Gil & Rafel Ramos & Maria Foraster & Natalie Mueller & Ana Espinosa & Marta Cirach & Haneen, 2018. "Air Pollution, Noise, Blue Space, and Green Space and Premature Mortality in Barcelona: A Mega Cohort," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-12, October.
    2. Mireya Martínez-García & Magaly Salinas-Ortega & Iván Estrada-Arriaga & Enrique Hernández-Lemus & Rodrigo García-Herrera & Maite Vallejo, 2018. "A systematic approach to analyze the social determinants of cardiovascular disease," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(1), pages 1-25, January.
    3. Matome M. Sekhotha & Kotsedi D. Monyeki & Masezi E. Sibuyi, 2016. "Exposure to Agrochemicals and Cardiovascular Disease: A Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-12, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jessica Maiuolo & Rocco Mollace & Francesca Bosco & Federica Scarano & Francesca Oppedisano & Saverio Nucera & Stefano Ruga & Lorenza Guarnieri & Roberta Macri & Irene Bava & Cristina Carresi & Micael, 2023. "The Phytochemical Synergistic Properties of Combination of Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction and Cynara cardunculus Extract in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-19, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nizalova, Olena & Norton, Edward C., 2021. "Long-term effects of job loss on male health: BMI and health behaviors," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 43(C).
    2. Alessandro Rigolon & Matthew H. E. M. Browning & Olivia McAnirlin & Hyunseo (Violet) Yoon, 2021. "Green Space and Health Equity: A Systematic Review on the Potential of Green Space to Reduce Health Disparities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-27, March.
    3. Jordi Honey-Rosés & Oscar Zapata, 2023. "Green Spaces with Fewer People Improve Self-Reported Affective Experience and Mood," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-10, January.
    4. Xile Deng & Yong Zhou & Wenna Zheng & Lianyang Bai & Xiaomao Zhou, 2018. "Dissipation Dynamic and Final Residues of Oxadiargyl in Paddy Fields Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Modified QuEChERS Method," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-10, August.
    5. Neeranuch Suwannarin & Tippawan Prapamontol & Tomohiko Isobe & Yukiko Nishihama & Ampica Mangklabruks & Tawiwan Pantasri & Somporn Chantara & Warangkana Naksen & Shoji F. Nakayama, 2021. "Association between Haematological Parameters and Exposure to a Mixture of Organophosphate and Neonicotinoid Insecticides among Male Farmworkers in Northern Thailand," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-14, October.
    6. Hans-Peter Hutter & Hanns Moshammer, 2018. "Pesticides Are an Occupational and Public Health Issue," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-3, August.
    7. Maud Miguet & Gull Rukh & Olga E. Titova & Helgi B. Schiöth, 2020. "Important Difference between Occupational Hazard Exposure among Shift Workers and Other Workers; Comparing Workplace before and after 1980," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-12, October.
    8. Megan J. Grace & Jen Dickie & Phil Bartie & Caroline Brown & David M. Oliver, 2023. "Understanding Health Outcomes from Exposure to Blue Space Resources: Towards a Mixed Methods Framework for Analysis," Resources, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-20, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:18:p:6583-:d:411326. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.