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Design and Psychometric Analysis of the COVID-19 Prevention, Recognition and Home-Management Self-Efficacy Scale

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  • José Manuel Hernández-Padilla

    (Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain
    Adult, Child and Midwifery Department, School of Health and Education, Middlesex University, London NW4 4BT, UK)

  • José Granero-Molina

    (Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain
    Associate Researcher, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile)

  • María Dolores Ruiz-Fernández

    (Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain)

  • Iria Dobarrio-Sanz

    (Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain)

  • María Mar López-Rodríguez

    (Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain)

  • Isabel María Fernández-Medina

    (Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain)

  • Matías Correa-Casado

    (Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain
    Clinical Manager, Internal Medicine Ward (COVID-19 area), Hospital de Poniente, 04700 Almería, Spain)

  • Cayetano Fernández-Sola

    (Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain
    Associate Researcher, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile)

Abstract

In order to control the spread of COVID-19, people must adopt preventive behaviours that can affect their day-to-day life. People’s self-efficacy to adopt preventive behaviours to avoid COVID-19 contagion and spread should be studied. The aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically test the COVID-19 prevention, detection, and home-management self-efficacy scale (COVID-19-SES). We conducted an observational cross-sectional study. Six-hundred and seventy-eight people participated in the study. Data were collected between March and May 2020. The COVID-19-SES’ validity (content, criterion, and construct), reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability), and legibility were studied. The COVID-19-SES’ reliability was high (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.906; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.754). The COVID-19-SES showed good content validity (scale’s content validity index = 0.92) and good criterion validity when the participants’ results on the COVID-19-SES were compared to their general self-efficacy (r = 0.38; p < 0.001). Construct validity analysis revealed that the COVID-19-SES’ three-factor structure explained 52.12% of the variance found and it was congruent with the World Health Organisation’s recommendations to prevent COVID-19 contagion and spread. Legibility analysis showed that the COVID-19-SES is easy to read and understand by laypeople. The COVID-19-SES is a psychometrically robust instrument that allows for a valid and reliable assessment of people’s self-efficacy in preventing, detecting symptoms, and home-managing COVID-19.

Suggested Citation

  • José Manuel Hernández-Padilla & José Granero-Molina & María Dolores Ruiz-Fernández & Iria Dobarrio-Sanz & María Mar López-Rodríguez & Isabel María Fernández-Medina & Matías Correa-Casado & Cayetano Fe, 2020. "Design and Psychometric Analysis of the COVID-19 Prevention, Recognition and Home-Management Self-Efficacy Scale," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:13:p:4653-:d:377450
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tang, C.S.K. & Wong, C.-Y., 2003. "An Outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Predictors of Health Behaviors and Effect of Community Prevention Measures in Hong Kong, China," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(11), pages 1887-1889.
    2. Francesco Di Gennaro & Damiano Pizzol & Claudia Marotta & Mario Antunes & Vincenzo Racalbuto & Nicola Veronese & Lee Smith, 2020. "Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) Current Status and Future Perspectives: A Narrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-11, April.
    3. José Manuel Hernández-Padilla & Alda Elena Cortés-Rodríguez & José Granero-Molina & Cayetano Fernández-Sola & Matías Correa-Casado & Isabel María Fernández-Medina & María Mar López-Rodríguez, 2019. "Design and Psychometric Evaluation of the ‘Clinical Communication Self-Efficacy Toolkit’," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-15, November.
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