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Adolescents’ Life Satisfaction: The Role of Classroom, Family, Self-Concept and Gender

Author

Listed:
  • Amapola Povedano-Diaz

    (Department of Education and Social Psychology, Pablo de Olavide University, 41013 Seville, Spain)

  • Maria Muñiz-Rivas

    (Department of Social Anthropology, Seville University, 41013 Seville, Spain)

  • Maria Vera-Perea

    (Department of Education and Social Psychology, Pablo de Olavide University, 41013 Seville, Spain)

Abstract

This study analyzes the direct relationships between classroom and family context and adolescent students’ life satisfaction (LS) and the indirect relationships between these same variables through adolescents’ academic, family, and social self-concept from a gender perspective. In the theoretical model, we assume that the quality of the parent—child relationship affects adolescents’ LS both directly and indirectly through their self-concept. We assume that the quality of the classroom climate also affects adolescents’ LS through their self-concept. The sample consisted of 2373 adolescents (49.8% girls) aged 12 to 18 years (mean ( M ) = 14.69, standard deviation ( SD ) = 1.82). A structural equation model was tested to analyse the relationship between the variables. Subsequently, multigroup analysis was performed to determine the structural invariance of the model as a function of gender. The chi square and T-student test was 71.66. Results revealed a direct positive relationship between family environment and LS. Family and classroom environment were indirectly related to LS through their relationship with academic, family, and social self-concept. The result of multigroup analysis supports the structural invariance of the model in both sexes; therefore, the expected relationships are the same for boys and girls, making the model more generalizable and applicable. The practical and theoretical implications are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Amapola Povedano-Diaz & Maria Muñiz-Rivas & Maria Vera-Perea, 2019. "Adolescents’ Life Satisfaction: The Role of Classroom, Family, Self-Concept and Gender," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2019:i:1:p:19-:d:299331
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Carmel Proctor & P. Linley & John Maltby, 2009. "Youth Life Satisfaction: A Review of the Literature," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 10(5), pages 583-630, October.
    2. Apolinaras Zaborskis & Monika Grincaite, 2018. "Gender and Age Differences in Social Inequality on Adolescent Life Satisfaction: A Comparative Analysis of Health Behaviour Data from 41 Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-11, June.
    3. María Muñiz-Rivas & María Vera & Amapola Povedano-Díaz, 2019. "Parental Style, Dating Violence and Gender," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-16, July.
    4. Ricarda Steinmayr & Linda Wirthwein & Laura Modler & Margaret M. Barry, 2019. "Development of Subjective Well-Being in Adolescence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-23, September.
    5. Berta Schnettler & Edgardo Miranda-Zapata & Germán Lobos & Mahia Saracostti & Marianela Denegri & María Lapo & Clementina Hueche, 2018. "The Mediating Role of Family and Food-Related Life Satisfaction in the Relationships between Family Support, Parent Work-Life Balance and Adolescent Life Satisfaction in Dual-Earner Families," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-18, November.
    6. Ed Diener & Shigehiro Oishi & Louis Tay, 2018. "Advances in subjective well-being research," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 2(4), pages 253-260, April.
    7. Wing Chui & Mathew Wong, 2016. "Gender Differences in Happiness and Life Satisfaction Among Adolescents in Hong Kong: Relationships and Self-Concept," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 125(3), pages 1035-1051, February.
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