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Healthy Lifestyle: Relationship between Mediterranean Diet, Body Composition and Physical Fitness in 13 to 16-Years Old Icelandic Students

Author

Listed:
  • Pablo Galan-Lopez

    (Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain)

  • Francis Ries

    (Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain)

  • Thordis Gisladottir

    (Research Center for Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Raúl Domínguez

    (Faculty of Health Sciences of Universidad Isabel I, Universidad Isabel I, 09004 Burgos, Spain)

  • Antonio J. Sánchez-Oliver

    (Faculty of Sports Sciences of Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
    Human Motricity and Sports Performance Area, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain)

Abstract

Childhood and adolescent obesity are currently among the greatest challenges for public health. Physical activity, physical fitness, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), representing powerful indicators of healthy lifestyles, are shown as determinant factors in the prevention and treatment of obesity. The aim of the present study has been to analyse the relationship between health-related physical fitness components, body composition, and adherence to MD in 387 Icelandic adolescents of 13–16-years old (54% boys). The ALPHA Fitness Test was used to measure physical fitness and body composition. The KIDMED questionnaire was used to assess the adherence to MD among participants. Associations between variables were tested according to gender and age using linear regression models and analysis of variance. Participants with high/medium adherence to MD showed significantly higher endurance scores in both the boys and the girls. Gender differences were found. The boys in high/medium MD categories had significantly lower fat percentages and ran a 4 × 10 m sprint faster than the girls. The girls scored higher than the boys in endurance and speed-agility tests. It can be concluded that a high and medium adherence to MD is associated with high and very high endurance in both the girls and the boys.

Suggested Citation

  • Pablo Galan-Lopez & Francis Ries & Thordis Gisladottir & Raúl Domínguez & Antonio J. Sánchez-Oliver, 2018. "Healthy Lifestyle: Relationship between Mediterranean Diet, Body Composition and Physical Fitness in 13 to 16-Years Old Icelandic Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:12:p:2632-:d:185254
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Jian Wang & Liuna Geng, 2019. "Effects of Socioeconomic Status on Physical and Psychological Health: Lifestyle as a Mediator," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-9, January.
    2. Pablo Galan-Lopez & Raúl Domínguez & Maret Pihu & Thordis Gísladóttir & Antonio J. Sánchez-Oliver & Francis Ries, 2019. "Evaluation of Physical Fitness, Body Composition, and Adherence to Mediterranean Diet in Adolescents from Estonia: The AdolesHealth Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-13, November.
    3. Lejla Obradovic Salcin & Zeljka Karin & Vesna Miljanovic Damjanovic & Marko Ostojic & Andrea Vrdoljak & Barbara Gilic & Damir Sekulic & Maja Lang-Morovic & Josko Markic & Dorica Sajber, 2019. "Physical Activity, Body Mass, and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Preschool Children: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in the Split-Dalmatia County (Croatia)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-14, September.
    4. Samuel Manzano-Carrasco & Jose Luis Felipe & Javier Sanchez-Sanchez & Antonio Hernandez-Martin & Ivan Clavel & Leonor Gallardo & Jorge Garcia-Unanue, 2020. "Relationship between Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Body Composition with Physical Fitness Parameters in a Young Active Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-10, May.
    5. Dorota Kostrzewa-Nowak & Anna Nowakowska & Teresa Zwierko & Maciej Rybak & Robert Nowak, 2020. "The Influence of a Health-Related Fitness Training Program on Motor Performance as Well as Hematological and Biochemical Parameters," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-14, January.
    6. Katarzyna Ługowska & Wojciech Kolanowski & Joanna Trafialek, 2020. "Eating Behaviour and Physical Fitness in 10-Year-Old Children Attending General Education and Sports Classes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-16, September.
    7. Pablo Galan-Lopez & Isabel Lopez-Cobo & Irene García-Lázaro & Francis Ries, 2022. "Associations between Motives for Physical Exercise, Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-11, October.
    8. Cheong Kim & Francis Joseph Costello & Kun Chang Lee & Yuan Li & Chenyao Li, 2019. "Predicting Factors Affecting Adolescent Obesity Using General Bayesian Network and What-If Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-18, November.
    9. José Enrique Moral-García & Antonio David Agraso-López & Antonio Jesús Ramos-Morcillo & Alfredo Jiménez & Alfredo Jiménez-Eguizábal, 2020. "The Influence of Physical Activity, Diet, Weight Status and Substance Abuse on Students’ Self-Perceived Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-14, February.

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