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Association between Long-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Mortality in a South Korean National Cohort: Comparison across Different Exposure Assessment Approaches

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  • Ok-Jin Kim

    (Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea)

  • Sun-Young Kim

    (Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea)

  • Ho Kim

    (Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea)

Abstract

Increasing numbers of cohort studies have reported that long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter is associated with mortality. However, there has been little evidence from Asian countries. We aimed to explore the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter with a diameter ≤10 µm (PM 10 ) and mortality in South Korea, using a nationwide population-based cohort and an improved exposure assessment (EA) incorporating time-varying concentrations and residential addresses (EA1). We also compared the association across different EA approaches. We used information from 275,337 people who underwent health screening from 2002 to 2006 and who had follow-up data for 12 years in the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. Individual exposures were computed as 5-year averages using predicted residential district-specific annual-average PM 10 concentrations for 2002–2006. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of non-accidental and five cause-specific mortalities per 10 µg/m 3 increase in PM 10 using the Cox proportional hazards model. Then, we compared the association of EA1 with three other approaches based on time-varying concentrations and/or addresses: predictions in each year and addresses at baseline (EA2); predictions at baseline and addresses in each year (EA3); and predictions and addresses at baseline (EA4). We found a marginal association between long-term PM 10 and non-accidental mortality. The HRs of five cause-specific mortalities were mostly higher than that of non-accidental mortality, but statistically insignificant. In the comparison between EA approaches, the HRs of EA1 were similar to those of EA2 but higher than EA3 and EA4. Our findings confirmed the association between long-term exposure to PM 10 and mortality based on a population-representative cohort in South Korea, and suggested the importance of assessing individual exposure incorporating air pollution changes over time.

Suggested Citation

  • Ok-Jin Kim & Sun-Young Kim & Ho Kim, 2017. "Association between Long-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Mortality in a South Korean National Cohort: Comparison across Different Exposure Assessment Approaches," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:10:p:1103-:d:112951
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Qiang Zhang & Xujia Jiang & Dan Tong & Steven J. Davis & Hongyan Zhao & Guannan Geng & Tong Feng & Bo Zheng & Zifeng Lu & David G. Streets & Ruijing Ni & Michael Brauer & Aaron van Donkelaar & Randall, 2017. "Transboundary health impacts of transported global air pollution and international trade," Nature, Nature, vol. 543(7647), pages 705-709, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Miyeon Jung & Daegon Cho & Kwangsoo Shin, 2019. "The Impact of Particulate Matter on Outdoor Activity and Mental Health: A Matching Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Jayeun Kim, 2019. "Particulate Matter Mortality Rates and Their Modification by Spatial Synoptic Classification," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-17, May.
    3. Tan Chen & Shulin Deng & Manchun Li, 2018. "Spatial Patterns of Satellite-Retrieved PM 2.5 and Long-Term Exposure Assessment of China from 1998 to 2016," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-13, December.
    4. Jing-Shiang Hwang & Tsuey-Hwa Hu, 2020. "Later-Life Exposure to Moderate PM 2.5 Air Pollution and Life Loss of Older Adults in Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-12, March.

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