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Reconfigurable Wireless Power Transfer System with High Misalignment Tolerance Using Coaxial Antipodal Dual DD Coils for AUV Charging Applications

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  • Yonglu Liu

    (School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China)

  • Mingxing Xiong

    (School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China)

  • Qingxuan Zhang

    (School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China)

  • Fengshuo Yang

    (School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China)

  • Yu Lan

    (School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China)

  • Jinhai Jiang

    (School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China)

  • Kai Song

    (School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China)

Abstract

Wireless power transfer (WPT) systems for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are gaining traction in marine exploration due to their operational convenience, safety, and flexibility. Nevertheless, disturbances from ocean currents and marine organisms frequently induce rotational, axial, and air-gap misalignments, significantly degrading the output power stability. To mitigate this issue, this paper proposes a novel reconfigurable WPT system utilizing coaxial antipodal dual DD (CAD-DD) coils, which strategically switches between a detuned S-LCC topology and a detuned S-S topology at a fixed operating frequency. By characterizing the output power versus the coupling coefficient ( P - k ) profiles under both reconfiguration modes, a parameter design methodology is developed to ensure stable power delivery across wide coupling variations. Experimental validation using a 1.2 kW AUV charging prototype demonstrates remarkable tolerance to misalignment: ±30° rotation, ±120 mm axial displacement, and 20–50 mm air-gap variation. Within this range, the output power fluctuation is confined to within 5%, while the system efficiency exceeds 85% consistently, peaking at 91.56%.

Suggested Citation

  • Yonglu Liu & Mingxing Xiong & Qingxuan Zhang & Fengshuo Yang & Yu Lan & Jinhai Jiang & Kai Song, 2025. "Reconfigurable Wireless Power Transfer System with High Misalignment Tolerance Using Coaxial Antipodal Dual DD Coils for AUV Charging Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-19, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:15:p:4148-:d:1717815
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kai Yan & Ruirong Dang & Xudong Feng & Wenzhen Wang, 2024. "A New Magnetic Coupler with High Misalignment Tolerance and Inherent Constant Current–Constant Voltage for Underground Wireless Charging," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-20, October.
    2. Fengshuo Yang & Jinhai Jiang & Chuanyu Sun & Aina He & Wanqi Chen & Yu Lan & Kai Song, 2022. "Efficiency Improvement of Magnetic Coupler with Nanocrystalline Alloy Film for UAV Wireless Charging System with a Carbon Fiber Fuselage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-17, November.
    3. Zhao-Wei Gong & Jin-Gang Li & Xiang-Qian Tong, 2021. "Misalignment-Tolerant Series Hybrid with Active Adjustable Constant Current and Constant Voltage Output Wireless Charging System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-17, November.
    4. Kangheng Qiao & Enguo Rong & Pan Sun & Xiaochen Zhang & Jun Sun, 2022. "Design of LCC-P Constant Current Topology Parameters for AUV Wireless Power Transfer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-13, July.
    5. Kai Song & Yu Lan & Xian Zhang & Jinhai Jiang & Chuanyu Sun & Guang Yang & Fengshuo Yang & Hao Lan, 2023. "A Review on Interoperability of Wireless Charging Systems for Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-22, February.
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