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Effect of Improved Combustion Chamber Design and Biodiesel Blending on the Performance and Emissions of a Diesel Engine

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  • Ziming Wang

    (College of Machinery and Transportation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
    Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Safety for Motor Vehicles in Plateau and Mountainous Regions of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650224, China)

  • Yanlin Chen

    (College of Machinery and Transportation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
    Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Safety for Motor Vehicles in Plateau and Mountainous Regions of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650224, China)

  • Chao He

    (College of Machinery and Transportation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
    Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Safety for Motor Vehicles in Plateau and Mountainous Regions of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650224, China
    College of Machinery and Transportation, Dehong Vocational College, Mangshi 678400, China)

  • Dongge Wang

    (College of Machinery and Transportation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
    Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Safety for Motor Vehicles in Plateau and Mountainous Regions of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650224, China)

  • Yan Nie

    (College of Machinery and Transportation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
    Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Safety for Motor Vehicles in Plateau and Mountainous Regions of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650224, China)

  • Jiaqiang Li

    (College of Machinery and Transportation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
    Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Safety for Motor Vehicles in Plateau and Mountainous Regions of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650224, China)

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the impact of combustion chamber geometry and biodiesel on the performance of diesel engines under various load conditions. Simulations were conducted using AVL FIRE software, followed by experimental validation to compare the performance of the prototype Omega combustion chamber with the optimized TCD combustion chamber (T for turbocharger, C for charger air cooling, and D for diesel particle filter). This study utilized four types of fuels: D100, B10, B20, and B50, and was conducted under different load conditions at a rated speed of 1800 revolutions per minute (rpm). The results demonstrate that the TCD combustion chamber outperforms the Omega chamber in terms of indicated thermal efficiency (ITE), in-cylinder pressure, and temperature, and also exhibits a lower indicated specific fuel consumption (ISFC). Additionally, the TCD chamber shows lower soot and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions compared to the Omega chamber, with further reductions as the load increases and the biodiesel blend ratio is raised. The high oxygen content in biodiesel helps to reduce soot and CO formation, while its lower sulfur content and heating value contribute to a decrease in combustion temperature and a reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) production. However, the NOx emissions from the TCD chamber are still higher than those from the Omega chamber, possibly due to the increased in-cylinder temperature resulting from its combustion chamber structure. The findings provide valuable insights into diesel engine system design and the application of oxygenated fuels, promoting the development of clean combustion technologies.

Suggested Citation

  • Ziming Wang & Yanlin Chen & Chao He & Dongge Wang & Yan Nie & Jiaqiang Li, 2025. "Effect of Improved Combustion Chamber Design and Biodiesel Blending on the Performance and Emissions of a Diesel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-26, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:11:p:2956-:d:1671578
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