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Power Quality Control Using Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage in Power Systems with High Penetration of Renewables: A Review of Systems and Applications

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  • António J. Arsénio Costa

    (INESC-ID—Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores-Investigação e Desenvolvimento, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa (UL), Rua Alves Redol, 9, 1000-029 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Hugo Morais

    (INESC-ID—Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores-Investigação e Desenvolvimento, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa (UL), Rua Alves Redol, 9, 1000-029 Lisbon, Portugal)

Abstract

The increasing deployment of decentralized power generation based on intermittent renewable resources to reach environmental targets creates new challenges for power systems stability. Several technologies and approaches have been proposed in recent years including the use of superconducting magnetic energy storage. This study focuses on the review of existing superconducting magnetic energy storage systems for power quality control purposes. Such systems can supply and absorb the rated power level within seconds, promoting fast power quality regulation. Systems for power quality services such as frequency regulation, power oscillation damping, power fluctuation suppression, and active power filtering are identified and described. First, the physical characterization of superconducting magnets concerning geometries, materials, associated inductances, and nominal magnetic energy storage capacities is conducted. Then, the functional description of several current conversion circuits and systems used as interfaces for superconducting magnets is performed. The existing methodologies and systems to perform the control of current converters for different power control services and applications are also identified and described. Finally, the results regarding the number of different systems identified for each power quality control service are presented, and their applicability is discussed based on the adopted control approach. Challenges concerning the development of new systems to improve the power quality on grids with high penetration of decentralized energy resources from intermittent renewables are also identified.

Suggested Citation

  • António J. Arsénio Costa & Hugo Morais, 2024. "Power Quality Control Using Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage in Power Systems with High Penetration of Renewables: A Review of Systems and Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-32, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:23:p:6028-:d:1533513
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Herbert Amezquita & Cindy P. Guzman & Hugo Morais, 2024. "Forecasting Electric Vehicles’ Charging Behavior at Charging Stations: A Data Science-Based Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-27, July.
    2. Luo, Xing & Wang, Jihong & Dooner, Mark & Clarke, Jonathan, 2015. "Overview of current development in electrical energy storage technologies and the application potential in power system operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 511-536.
    3. Herbert Amezquita & Pedro M. S. Carvalho & Hugo Morais, 2023. "Wind Forecast at Medium Voltage Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-23, March.
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