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Performance Improvement and Emission Reduction Potential of Blends of Hydrotreated Used Cooking Oil, Biodiesel and Diesel in a Compression Ignition Engine

Author

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  • Ankit Sonthalia

    (Department of Automobile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, NCR Campus, Ghaziabad 201204, India)

  • Naveen Kumar

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Delhi 110042, India)

Abstract

The positive effect of decarbonizing the transport sector by using bio-based fuels is high. Currently, biodiesel and ethanol are the two biofuels that are blended with fossil fuels. Another technology, namely, hydroprocessing, is also gaining momentum for producing biofuels. Hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) produced using this process is a potential drop-in fuel due to its improved physiochemical properties. This study aimed to reduce the fossil diesel content by blending 20% and 30% HVO and 5%, 10% and 15% waste cooking oil biodiesel on a volume basis. The blends were used to conduct a thorough performance examination of a single-cylinder compression ignition engine. The thermal efficiency of the engine was enhanced by the addition of biodiesel to the blend. The efficiency increased as the proportion of biodiesel in the mix increased, although it was still less efficient than diesel. The maximum improvement in thermal efficiency of 4.35% was observed with 20% blending of HVO and 15% blending of biodiesel compared with 20% blending of HVO and diesel. However, the HC (decrease of 30%), CO (decrease of 23.5%) and smoke (decrease of 21.1%) emissions were observed to be the lowest with 30% blending of HVO and 15% blending of biodiesel. A fuzzy-logic-based Taguchi method and Grey’s method were then applied to find the best blend of HVO, biodiesel and diesel. The combination of the two methods made it easier to carry out multi-objective optimization. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE), smoke and NO emissions were selected as the output parameters to optimize the HVO and biodiesel blend. The optimization study showed that 30% blending of HVO and 15% blending of biodiesel was the best blend, which was authenticated using the confirmation experiment.

Suggested Citation

  • Ankit Sonthalia & Naveen Kumar, 2023. "Performance Improvement and Emission Reduction Potential of Blends of Hydrotreated Used Cooking Oil, Biodiesel and Diesel in a Compression Ignition Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-23, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:21:p:7431-:d:1273707
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wu, Horng-Wen & Wu, Zhan-Yi, 2012. "Combustion characteristics and optimal factors determination with Taguchi method for diesel engines port-injecting hydrogen," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 411-420.
    2. Soloiu, Valentin & Duggan, Marvin & Harp, Spencer & Vlcek, Brian & Williams, David, 2013. "PFI (port fuel injection) of n-butanol and direct injection of biodiesel to attain LTC (low-temperature combustion) for low-emissions idling in a compression engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 143-154.
    3. Bose, Probir Kumar & Deb, Madhujit & Banerjee, Rahul & Majumder, Arindam, 2013. "Multi objective optimization of performance parameters of a single cylinder diesel engine running with hydrogen using a Taguchi-fuzzy based approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 375-386.
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    1. Mladen Bošnjaković & Robert Santa & Antonija Vučić & Zoran Crnac, 2025. "Analysis of Biodiesel from Algae Using the SWOT-AHP Method: Strategic Insights for a Green Energy Future," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-25, August.

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