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A Heuristic Approach to Optimal Crowbar Setting and Low Voltage Ride through of a Doubly Fed Induction Generator

Author

Listed:
  • Kumeshan Reddy

    (Discipline of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa)

  • Akshay Kumar Saha

    (Discipline of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa)

Abstract

In this paper, a heuristic approach to doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) protection and low voltage ride through (LVRT) is carried out. DFIG-based wind systems are rapidly penetrating the power generation section. Despite their advantages, their direct coupling grid makes them highly sensitive to symmetrical faults. A well-known solution to this is the crowbar method of DFIG protection. This paper provides a method to determine the optimal crowbar resistance value, to ensure a strong trade-off between the rotor current and DC voltage transients. Further, since the crowbar method requires disconnection from the grid, the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is applied to the system. This is to ensure fault ride through compliance with recent grid code requirements. The well-known PSO, as well as the recently developed African vultures optimization algorithm (AVOA), was applied to the problem. The first set of results show that for severe symmetrical voltage dips, the AVOA provides a good option for crowbar magnitude optimization, whereas PSO performed better for moderately severe dips. Secondly, when the LQR was optimized via the AVOA, it exhibited superiority over the conventional PSO-based PI controller. This superiority was in terms of rotor current transient magnitude, DC voltage transient magnitude, and reactive power steady-state ripple and were in the order of 67.5%, 20.35%, and 37.55%, respectively. When comparing the crowbar method and the LQR, it was observed that despite the LQR exhibiting superiority in terms of transient performance, the crowbar method offered a unanimously superior settling time.

Suggested Citation

  • Kumeshan Reddy & Akshay Kumar Saha, 2022. "A Heuristic Approach to Optimal Crowbar Setting and Low Voltage Ride through of a Doubly Fed Induction Generator," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-36, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:24:p:9307-:d:997382
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maurício B. C. Salles & Kay Hameyer & José R. Cardoso & Ahda. P. Grilo & Claudia Rahmann, 2010. "Crowbar System in Doubly Fed Induction Wind Generators," Energies, MDPI, vol. 3(4), pages 1-16, April.
    2. Ghazi A. Ghazi & Hany M. Hasanien & Essam A. Al-Ammar & Rania A. Turky & Wonsuk Ko & Sisam Park & Hyeong-Jin Choi, 2022. "African Vulture Optimization Algorithm-Based PI Controllers for Performance Enhancement of Hybrid Renewable-Energy Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-26, July.
    3. Kumeshan Reddy & Akshay Kumar Saha, 2022. "An Investigation into the Utilization of Swarm Intelligence for the Design of Dual Vector and Proportional–Resonant Controllers for Regulation of Doubly Fed Induction Generators Subject to Unbalanced ," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-36, October.
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