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Sustainable Hydrogen Production from Seawater Electrolysis: Through Fundamental Electrochemical Principles to the Most Recent Development

Author

Listed:
  • Gabriela Elena Badea

    (Faculty of Informatics and Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Str., 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Cristina Hora

    (Faculty of Energy Engineering and Industrial Management, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Str., 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Ioana Maior

    (Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Anca Cojocaru

    (Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Calin Secui

    (Faculty of Energy Engineering and Industrial Management, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Str., 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Sanda Monica Filip

    (Faculty of Informatics and Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Str., 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Florin Ciprian Dan

    (Faculty of Energy Engineering and Industrial Management, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Str., 410087 Oradea, Romania)

Abstract

Among the many potential future energy sources, hydrogen stands out as particularly promising. Because it is a green and renewable chemical process, water electrolysis has earned much interest among the different hydrogen production techniques. Seawater is the most abundant source of water and the ideal and cheapest electrolyte. The first part of this review includes the description of the general theoretical concepts: chemical, physical, and electrochemical, that stands on the basis of water electrolysis. Due to the rapid development of new electrode materials and cell technology, research has focused on specific seawater electrolysis parameters: the cathodic evolution of hydrogen; the concurrent anodic evolution of oxygen and chlorine; specific seawater catalyst electrodes; and analytical methods to describe their catalytic activity and seawater electrolyzer efficiency. Once the specific objectives of seawater electrolysis have been established through the design and energy performance of the electrolyzer, the study further describes the newest challenges that an accessible facility for the electrochemical production of hydrogen as fuel from seawater must respond to for sustainable development: capitalizing on known and emerging technologies; protecting the environment; utilizing green, renewable energies as sources of electricity; and above all, economic efficiency as a whole.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriela Elena Badea & Cristina Hora & Ioana Maior & Anca Cojocaru & Calin Secui & Sanda Monica Filip & Florin Ciprian Dan, 2022. "Sustainable Hydrogen Production from Seawater Electrolysis: Through Fundamental Electrochemical Principles to the Most Recent Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-31, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:22:p:8560-:d:974049
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Damien Le Bideau & Philippe Mandin & Mohamed Benbouzid & Myeongsub Kim & Mathieu Sellier & Fabrizio Ganci & Rosalinda Inguanta, 2020. "Eulerian Two-Fluid Model of Alkaline Water Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-14, July.
    2. Brian Jenkins & David Squires & John Barton & Dani Strickland & K. G. U. Wijayantha & James Carroll & Jonathan Wilson & Matthew Brenton & Murray Thomson, 2022. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Low Carbon Hydrogen Production from Offshore Wind Using Battolyser Technology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-20, August.
    3. Laura Pérez Orosa & Eva Chinarro & Domingo Guinea & María C. García-Alegre, 2022. "Hydrogen Production by Wastewater Alkaline Electro-Oxidation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-19, August.
    4. Cristina Hora & Florin Ciprian Dan & Nicolae Rancov & Gabriela Elena Badea & Calin Secui, 2022. "Main Trends and Research Directions in Hydrogen Generation Using Low Temperature Electrolysis: A Systematic Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-21, August.
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