IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v15y2022i18p6830-d918288.html

Performance Analysis of Ultra-Scale Downwind Wind Turbine Based on Rotor Cone Angle Control

Author

Listed:
  • Zhen Li

    (Research Center for Renewable Energy Generation Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

  • Bofeng Xu

    (Research Center for Renewable Energy Generation Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

  • Xiang Shen

    (Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK)

  • Hang Xiao

    (China State Shipbuilding Corporation Haizhuang Windpower Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401123, China)

  • Zhiqiang Hu

    (School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK)

  • Xin Cai

    (Structural Engineering Research Center of Jiangsu Province Wind Turbine, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract

The theoretical feasibility of the power output strategy based on rotor cone angle control for ultra-scale downwind wind turbines is studied in this paper via the Open FAST simulation platform. The performance of five cases, namely UW, DW, DWC, DW6, and DW6IC, which have different rotor parameters or control strategies compared with the reference DTU 10 MW wind turbine, are calculated and analyzed. It is found that the downwind rotors have significant advantages in reducing the blade root load. The DW case reduces the peak load at the blade root by 22.54% at the cost of 1.57% annual energy production loss. By extending the length and redesigning the stiffness of the blade, the DW6 case achieves 14.82% reduction in the peak load at the blade root and 1.67% increase in the annual energy production under the same blade weight as that of the UW. The DWC case with rotor cone angle control has the same aerodynamic performance as the DW case with the same blade parameters. However, when the wind speed achieves or exceeds the rated speed, the blade root load decreases at a greater rate with the increasing wind speeds, and achieves minimum load with a wind speed of 16 m/s. Compared with the UW case, the DW6IC case with the improved rotor cone angle control reduces the peak load of the blade root by 22.54%, leading to an increase in annual energy production by 1.12% accordingly.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhen Li & Bofeng Xu & Xiang Shen & Hang Xiao & Zhiqiang Hu & Xin Cai, 2022. "Performance Analysis of Ultra-Scale Downwind Wind Turbine Based on Rotor Cone Angle Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-11, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:18:p:6830-:d:918288
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/18/6830/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/18/6830/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dose, B. & Rahimi, H. & Stoevesandt, B. & Peinke, J., 2020. "Fluid-structure coupled investigations of the NREL 5 MW wind turbine for two downwind configurations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 1113-1123.
    2. Dose, B. & Rahimi, H. & Herráez, I. & Stoevesandt, B. & Peinke, J., 2018. "Fluid-structure coupled computations of the NREL 5 MW wind turbine by means of CFD," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(PA), pages 591-605.
    3. Kress, C. & Chokani, N. & Abhari, R.S., 2016. "Passive minimization of load fluctuations on downwind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 543-551.
    4. Qin, Chao (Chris) & Loth, Eric & Zalkind, Daniel S. & Pao, Lucy Y. & Yao, Shulong & Griffith, D. Todd & Selig, Michael S. & Damiani, Rick, 2020. "Downwind coning concept rotor for a 25 MW offshore wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 314-327.
    5. Hoghooghi, Hadi & Chokani, Ndaona & Abhari, Reza.S., 2019. "Effectiveness of individual pitch control on a 5 MW downwind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 435-446.
    6. Kress, C. & Chokani, N. & Abhari, R.S., 2015. "Downwind wind turbine yaw stability and performance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 1157-1165.
    7. Noyes, Carlos & Qin, Chao & Loth, Eric, 2018. "Pre-aligned downwind rotor for a 13.2 MW wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(PA), pages 749-754.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Haojie Kang & Bofeng Xu & Xiang Shen & Zhen Li & Xin Cai & Zhiqiang Hu, 2023. "Comparison of Blade Aeroelastic Responses between Upwind and Downwind of 10 MW Wind Turbines under the Shear Wind Condition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-13, March.
    2. Meng, Haoran & Ma, Zhe & Dou, Bingzheng & Zeng, Pan & Lei, Liping, 2020. "Investigation on the performance of a novel forward-folding rotor used in a downwind horizontal-axis turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    3. Kaminski, Meghan & Simpson, Juliet & Loth, Eric & Fingersh, Lee Jay & Scholbrock, Andy & Johnson, Nick & Johnson, Kathryn & Pao, Lucy & Griffith, Todd, 2023. "Gravo-aeroelastically-scaled demonstrator field tests to represent blade response of a flexible extreme-scale downwind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    4. Win Naung, Shine & Nakhchi, Mahdi Erfanian & Rahmati, Mohammad, 2021. "High-fidelity CFD simulations of two wind turbines in arrays using nonlinear frequency domain solution method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 984-1005.
    5. Arabgolarcheh, Alireza & De Vanna, Francesco & Micallef, Daniel, 2025. "Offshore multi-rotor wind turbines: Blade interactions under surging conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    6. Hoghooghi, Hadi & Chokani, Ndaona & Abhari, Reza.S., 2019. "Effectiveness of individual pitch control on a 5 MW downwind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 435-446.
    7. Win Naung, Shine & Rahmati, Mohammad & Farokhi, Hamed, 2021. "Nonlinear frequency domain solution method for aerodynamic and aeromechanical analysis of wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 66-81.
    8. Sun, Qinghong & Li, Gen & Duan, Lei & He, Zanyang, 2023. "The coupling of tower-shadow effect and surge motion intensifies aerodynamic load variability in downwind floating offshore wind turbines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    9. Escalera Mendoza, Alejandra S. & Griffith, D. Todd & Jeong, Michael & Qin, Chris & Loth, Eric & Phadnis, Mandar & Pao, Lucy & Selig, Michael S., 2023. "Aero-structural rapid screening of new design concepts for offshore wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(P2).
    10. Liu, Songyang & Xin, Zhiqiang & Wang, Lei & Xu, Yanming & Cai, Zhiming, 2025. "Fluid–structure interaction simulation of the effect of static yaw control on the aerodynamic responses and wake characteristics of floating offshore wind turbines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 330(C).
    11. Qian, XiaoYi & Sun, TianHe & Zhang, YuXian & Wang, BaoShi & Awad Gendeel, Mohammed Altayeb, 2023. "Wind turbine fault detection based on spatial-temporal feature and neighbor operation state," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(P1).
    12. Zhanpu Xue & Hao Zhang & Yunguang Ji, 2023. "Dynamic Response of a Flexible Multi-Body in Large Wind Turbines: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-25, April.
    13. Shine Win Naung & Mohammad Rahmati & Htet Shine, 2025. "High-Fidelity Aeroelastic Analysis of a Wind Turbine Using a Nonlinear Frequency-Domain Solution Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-20, February.
    14. Shigeo Yoshida, 2020. "Dynamic Stall Model for Tower Shadow Effects on Downwind Turbines and Its Scale Effects," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-18, October.
    15. Druault, Philippe & Germain, Grégory, 2022. "Experimental investigation of the upstream turbulent flow modifications in front of a scaled tidal turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 1204-1217.
    16. Jieyan Chen & Chengxi Li, 2020. "Design Optimization and Coupled Dynamics Analysis of an Offshore Wind Turbine with a Single Swivel Connected Tether," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-26, July.
    17. Momeni, Farhang & Sabzpoushan, Seyedali & Valizadeh, Reza & Morad, Mohammad Reza & Liu, Xun & Ni, Jun, 2019. "Plant leaf-mimetic smart wind turbine blades by 4D printing," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 329-351.
    18. Kress, C. & Chokani, N. & Abhari, R.S., 2016. "Passive minimization of load fluctuations on downwind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 543-551.
    19. de Oliveira, Marielle & Puraca, Rodolfo C. & Carmo, Bruno S., 2023. "A study on the influence of the numerical scheme on the accuracy of blade-resolved simulations employed to evaluate the performance of the NREL 5 MW wind turbine rotor in full scale," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    20. Yang, Yaru & Li, Hua & Yao, Jin & Gao, Wenxiang, 2019. "Research on the characteristic parameters and rotor layout principle of dual-rotor horizontal axis wind turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:18:p:6830-:d:918288. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.