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Biomass Behavior upon Fast Pyrolysis in Inert and in CO 2 -Rich Atmospheres: Role of Lignin, Hemicellulose and Cellulose Content

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  • Osvalda Senneca

    (Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologia per l’Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili (STEMS)-CNR, 80125 Napoli, Italy)

  • Barbara Apicella

    (Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologia per l’Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili (STEMS)-CNR, 80125 Napoli, Italy)

  • Carmela Russo

    (Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologia per l’Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili (STEMS)-CNR, 80125 Napoli, Italy)

  • Francesca Cerciello

    (Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany)

Abstract

The present work focuses on the quality of char and primary tar produced from fast pyrolysis in N 2 and CO 2 of lignocellulosic biomasses: walnut shells (lignin-rich), straw (hemicellulose-rich) and pinewood (cellulose-rich). Heat treatments are carried out in a heated strip reactor (HSR) at 1573 and 2073 K for 3 s, with a heating rate of 10 4 K/s. The equipment allows for quenching the volatiles as soon as they are emitted. Chars are analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis in air. Results are compared with the products obtained from raw lignin, pure cellulose and pure hemicellulose. Cellulose and hemicellulose tars are dominated by anhydrous monosaccharides, which are scarce in straw tar and abundant in walnut shells tar. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs are present in the primary products, in particular for walnut shells. The most reactive char is the one obtained from straw and the least reactive is the walnut shells char. Severe heat treatment and a CO 2 atmosphere generate additional char components with higher and lower reactivity. The more reactive char component may arise from cross-linking reactions involving the monosaccharides (for which the result decreased in tar), whereas the less reactive component arises from thermal annealing and graphitization. Thus, the pyrolytic behavior of biomasses cannot be reconstructed with a mere addition of the lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose contribution, taking into account their content in the biomass.

Suggested Citation

  • Osvalda Senneca & Barbara Apicella & Carmela Russo & Francesca Cerciello, 2022. "Biomass Behavior upon Fast Pyrolysis in Inert and in CO 2 -Rich Atmospheres: Role of Lignin, Hemicellulose and Cellulose Content," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-13, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:15:p:5430-:d:873081
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