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Large Air-to-Water Heat Pumps for Fuel-Boiler Substitution in Non-Retrofitted Multi-Family Buildings—Energy Performance, CO 2 Savings, and Lessons Learned in Actual Conditions of Use

Author

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  • Omar Montero

    (Energy Systems Group, Section of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences & Institute for Environmental Sciences, Uni Carl Vogt, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland)

  • Pauline Brischoux

    (Energy Systems Group, Section of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences & Institute for Environmental Sciences, Uni Carl Vogt, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland)

  • Simon Callegari

    (Energy Systems Group, Section of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences & Institute for Environmental Sciences, Uni Carl Vogt, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland)

  • Carolina Fraga

    (Services Industriels de Genève, Chemin du Château-Bloch 2, 1219 Le Lignon, Switzerland)

  • Matthias Rüetschi

    (Services Industriels de Genève, Chemin du Château-Bloch 2, 1219 Le Lignon, Switzerland)

  • Edouard Vionnet

    (Services Industriels de Genève, Chemin du Château-Bloch 2, 1219 Le Lignon, Switzerland)

  • Nicole Calame

    (CSD Ingénieurs SA, Avenue des Sports 14, 1400 Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland)

  • Fabrice Rognon

    (CSD Ingénieurs SA, Avenue des Sports 14, 1400 Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland)

  • Martin Patel

    (Energy Systems Group, Section of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences & Institute for Environmental Sciences, Uni Carl Vogt, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland)

  • Pierre Hollmuller

    (Energy Systems Group, Section of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences & Institute for Environmental Sciences, Uni Carl Vogt, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland)

Abstract

The use of air source heat pumps (ASHP) in the specific context of existing multi-family buildings (MFB) represents an important challenge, especially in terms of performance and technical constraints in real conditions of use. This study concerns the actual performance of two non-retrofitted MFB (4047 and 7563 m 2 ), whose original fossil heat supply was replaced by a centralized monovalent (2 × 156 kW) and hybrid (6 × 34 kW) ASHP system for space heating and domestic hot water. Based on a detailed monitoring campaign covering two years of operation, it can be concluded that both systems are able to supply the required temperature and cover the entire heat demand. By closely following up these pilot projects, constraints linked to integration and operation were identified. Optimization measures allowed us to increase the COP of the monovalent system (from 1.3 up to 3.4, with an optimized SPF of 2.3) and to raise the HP share of the hybrid system (from 50% to 67%, with an optimized SPF of 2.3). Both systems offer major progress in terms of CO 2 savings (92% and 68%) and increased renewable energy share (75% and 43%), considering the hourly CO 2 content of the Swiss electricity mix.

Suggested Citation

  • Omar Montero & Pauline Brischoux & Simon Callegari & Carolina Fraga & Matthias Rüetschi & Edouard Vionnet & Nicole Calame & Fabrice Rognon & Martin Patel & Pierre Hollmuller, 2022. "Large Air-to-Water Heat Pumps for Fuel-Boiler Substitution in Non-Retrofitted Multi-Family Buildings—Energy Performance, CO 2 Savings, and Lessons Learned in Actual Conditions of Use," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-29, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:14:p:5033-:d:859550
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Erica Roccatello & Alessandro Prada & Paolo Baggio & Marco Baratieri, 2022. "Analysis of the Influence of Control Strategy and Heating Loads on the Performance of Hybrid Heat Pump Systems for Residential Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-19, January.
    2. Lämmle, Manuel & Bongs, Constanze & Wapler, Jeannette & Günther, Danny & Hess, Stefan & Kropp, Michael & Herkel, Sebastian, 2022. "Performance of air and ground source heat pumps retrofitted to radiator heating systems and measures to reduce space heating temperatures in existing buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    3. Fraga, Carolina & Hollmuller, Pierre & Schneider, Stefan & Lachal, Bernard, 2018. "Heat pump systems for multifamily buildings: Potential and constraints of several heat sources for diverse building demands," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 1033-1053.
    4. Muhammad Abid & Neil Hewitt & Ming-Jun Huang & Christopher Wilson & Donal Cotter, 2021. "Domestic Retrofit Assessment of the Heat Pump System Considering the Impact of Heat Supply Temperature and Operating Mode of Control—A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-26, September.
    5. Le, Khoa Xuan & Huang, Ming Jun & Shah, Nikhilkumar N. & Wilson, Christopher & Artain, Paul Mac & Byrne, Raymond & Hewitt, Neil J., 2019. "Techno-economic assessment of cascade air-to-water heat pump retrofitted into residential buildings using experimentally validated simulations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C), pages 633-652.
    6. Alessandro Franco & Carlo Bartoli & Paolo Conti & Daniele Testi, 2021. "Optimal Operation of Low-Capacity Heat Pump Systems for Residential Buildings through Thermal Energy Storage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-17, June.
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