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Design and Implementation of an Intelligent Blade Pitch Control System and Stability Analysis for a Small Darrieus Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine

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Listed:
  • Gebreel Abdalrahman

    (Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Mohamed A. Daoud

    (Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • William W. Melek

    (Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Fue-Sang Lien

    (Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Eugene Yee

    (Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

Abstract

A few studies have been conducted recently in order to improve the aerodynamic performance of Darrieus vertical-axis wind turbines with straight blades (H-type VAWTs). The blade pitch angle control is proposed to enhance the performance of H-type VAWTs. This paper aims to investigate the performance of an H-type VAWT in terms of its power output and self-starting capability using an intelligent blade pitch control strategy based on a multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN) method. The performance of the proposed blade pitch controller is investigated by adding a conventional controller (PID) to the MLP-ANN controller (i.e., a hybrid controller). The dynamics of an H-type VAWT is mathematically modeled in a nonlinear state space for the stability analysis in the sense of Lyapunov. The effectiveness of the proposed pitch control system is validated by building an H-type VAWT prototype model that is extensively tested outdoors under different conditions for both fixed and variable pitch angle configurations. Results demonstrated that the blade-pitching technique enhanced the power output of an H-type VAWT by approximately 22 % . The hybrid controller that used a high percentage of the MLP-ANN controller achieved a better control performance by reducing the overshoot of the control response at high rotor speeds.

Suggested Citation

  • Gebreel Abdalrahman & Mohamed A. Daoud & William W. Melek & Fue-Sang Lien & Eugene Yee, 2021. "Design and Implementation of an Intelligent Blade Pitch Control System and Stability Analysis for a Small Darrieus Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-19, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2021:i:1:p:235-:d:714405
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Howell, Robert & Qin, Ning & Edwards, Jonathan & Durrani, Naveed, 2010. "Wind tunnel and numerical study of a small vertical axis wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 412-422.
    2. Jain, Palash & Abhishek, A., 2016. "Performance prediction and fundamental understanding of small scale vertical axis wind turbine with variable amplitude blade pitching," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 97-113.
    3. Eduard Dyachuk & Morgan Rossander & Anders Goude & Hans Bernhoff, 2015. "Measurements of the Aerodynamic Normal Forces on a 12-kW Straight-Bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-15, August.
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