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A Method to Avoid Underestimated Risks in Seismic SUPSA and MUPSA for Nuclear Power Plants Caused by Partitioning Events

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  • Woo Sik Jung

    (Quantum and Nuclear Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea)

Abstract

Seismic probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) models for nuclear power plants (NPPs) have many non-rare events whose failure probabilities are proportional to the seismic ground acceleration. It has been widely accepted that minimal cut sets (MCSs) that are calculated from the seismic PSA fault tree should be converted into exact solutions, such as binary decision diagrams (BDDs), and that the accurate seismic core damage frequency (CDF) should be calculated from the exact solutions. If the seismic CDF is calculated directly from seismic MCSs, it is drastically overestimated. Seismic single-unit PSA (SUPSA) models have random failures of alternating operation systems that are combined with seismic failures of components and structures. Similarly, seismic multi-unit PSA (MUPSA) models have failures of NPPs that undergo alternating operations between full power and low power and shutdown (LPSD). Their failures for alternating operations are modeled using fraction or partitioning events in seismic SUPSA and MUPSA fault trees. Since partitioning events for one system are mutually exclusive, their combinations should be excluded in exact solutions. However, it is difficult to eliminate the combinations of mutually exclusive events without modifying PSA tools for generating MCSs from a fault tree and converting MCSs into exact solutions. If the combinations of mutually exclusive events are not deleted, seismic CDF is underestimated. To avoid CDF underestimation in seismic SUPSAs and MUPSAs, this paper introduces a process of converting partitioning events into conditional events, and conditional events are then inserted explicitly inside a fault tree. With this conversion, accurate CDF can be calculated without modifying PSA tools. That is, this process does not require any other special operations or tools. It is strongly recommended that the method in this paper be employed for avoiding CDF underestimation in seismic SUPSAs and MUPSAs.

Suggested Citation

  • Woo Sik Jung, 2021. "A Method to Avoid Underestimated Risks in Seismic SUPSA and MUPSA for Nuclear Power Plants Caused by Partitioning Events," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:8:p:2150-:d:534656
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Schroer, Suzanne & Modarres, Mohammad, 2013. "An event classification schema for evaluating site risk in a multi-unit nuclear power plant probabilistic risk assessment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 40-51.
    2. Zhou, Taotao & Modarres, Mohammad & Droguett, Enrique López, 2018. "An improved multi-unit nuclear plant seismic probabilistic risk assessment approach," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 34-47.
    3. Jung, Woo Sik, 2015. "A method to improve cutset probability calculation in probabilistic safety assessment of nuclear power plants," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 134-142.
    4. Hakata, Tadakuni, 2007. "Seismic PSA method for multiple nuclear power plants in a site," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 92(7), pages 883-894.
    5. Modarres, Mohammad & Zhou, Taotao & Massoud, Mahmoud, 2017. "Advances in multi-unit nuclear power plant probabilistic risk assessment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 87-100.
    6. Choi, Jong Soo & Cho, Nam Zin, 2007. "A practical method for accurate quantification of large fault trees," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 92(7), pages 971-982.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gyunyoung Heo, 2022. "Advancements in Probabilistic Safety Assessment of Nuclear Energy for Sustainability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-2, January.
    2. Kim, Yongjin & Jang, Seunghyun & Jae, Moosung, 2022. "Evaluation of inter-unit dependency effect on site core damage frequency: Internal and seismic event," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    3. Geon Gyu Choi & Woo Sik Jung & Seong Kyu Park, 2021. "Sensitivity Study on the Correlation Level of Seismic Failures in Seismic Probabilistic Safety Assessments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-20, May.

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