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Thermal Performance of Integrated Direct Contact and Vacuum Membrane Distillation Units

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  • Alessandra Criscuoli

    (Institute on Membrane Technology (CNR-ITM), via P. Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy)

Abstract

An integrated membrane distillation (MD) flowsheet, consisting of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) units, was proposed and analysed in terms of thermal performance and water recovery factor, for the first time. The same lab-scale membrane module (40 cm 2 ) was used for carrying out experiments of DCMD and VMD at fixed feed operating conditions (deionised water at 230 L/h and ~40 °C) while working at the permeate side with deionised water at 18 °C and with a vacuum of 20 mbar for the DCMD and the VMD configuration, respectively. Based on experimental data obtained on the single modules, calculations of the permeate production, the specific thermal energy consumption (STEC) and the gained output ratio (GOR) were carried out for both single and integrated units. Moreover, the calculations were also made for a flow sheet consisting of two DCMD units in series, representing the “traditional” way in which more units of the same MD configuration are combined to enhance the water recovery factor. A significant improvement of the thermal performance (lower STEC and higher GOR) was obtained with the integrated DCMD–VMD flowsheet with respect to the DCMD units operating in series. The integration of DCMD with VMD also led to a higher permeate production and productivity/size (PS) ratio, a metric defined to compare plants in terms of the process intensification strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Alessandra Criscuoli, 2021. "Thermal Performance of Integrated Direct Contact and Vacuum Membrane Distillation Units," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-11, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:21:p:7405-:d:673699
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tan, Yong Zen & Han, Le & Chew, Nick Guan Pin & Chow, Wai Hoong & Wang, Rong & Chew, Jia Wei, 2018. "Membrane distillation hybridized with a thermoelectric heat pump for energy-efficient water treatment and space cooling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 1079-1088.
    2. Suárez, Francisco & Ruskowitz, Jeffrey A. & Tyler, Scott W. & Childress, Amy E., 2015. "Renewable water: Direct contact membrane distillation coupled with solar ponds," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 532-539.
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    Cited by:

    1. Marek Gryta, 2022. "The Application of Open Capillary Modules for Sweeping Gas Membrane Distillation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-17, February.

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