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A Renewable Energy Community of DC Nanogrids for Providing Balancing Services

Author

Listed:
  • Giuseppe Barone

    (Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy)

  • Giovanni Brusco

    (Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy)

  • Daniele Menniti

    (Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy)

  • Anna Pinnarelli

    (Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy)

  • Nicola Sorrentino

    (Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy)

  • Pasquale Vizza

    (Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy)

  • Alessandro Burgio

    (Evolvere SpA Società Benefit, 20124 Milano, Italy)

  • Ángel A. Bayod-Rújula

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Zaragoza University, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain)

Abstract

The massive expansion of Distributed Energy Resources and schedulable loads have forced a variation of generation, transmission, and final usage of electricity towards the paradigm of Smart Communities microgrids and of Renewable Energy Communities. In the paper, the use of multiple DC microgrids for residential applications, i.e., the nanogrids, in order to compose and create a renewable energy community, is hypothesized. The DC Bus Signaling distributed control strategy for the power management of each individual nanogrid is applied to satisfy the power flow requests sent from an aggregator. It is important to underline that this is an adaptive control strategy, i.e., it is used when the nanogrid provides a service to the aggregator and when not. In addition, the value of the DC bus voltage of each nanogrid is communicated to the aggregator. In this way, the aggregator is aware of the regulation capacity that each nanogrid can provide and which flexible resources are used to provide this capacity. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is demonstrated via numerical experiments. The energy community considered in the paper consists of five nanogrids, interfaced to a common ML-LV substation. The nanogrids, equipped with a photovoltaic plant and a set of lithium-ion batteries, participate in the balancing service depending on its local generation and storage capacity.

Suggested Citation

  • Giuseppe Barone & Giovanni Brusco & Daniele Menniti & Anna Pinnarelli & Nicola Sorrentino & Pasquale Vizza & Alessandro Burgio & Ángel A. Bayod-Rújula, 2021. "A Renewable Energy Community of DC Nanogrids for Providing Balancing Services," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-21, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:21:p:7261-:d:671265
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Justo, Jackson John & Mwasilu, Francis & Lee, Ju & Jung, Jin-Woo, 2013. "AC-microgrids versus DC-microgrids with distributed energy resources: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 387-405.
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    1. Daniele Menniti & Anna Pinnarelli & Nicola Sorrentino & Pasquale Vizza & Giuseppe Barone & Giovanni Brusco & Stefano Mendicino & Luca Mendicino & Gaetano Polizzi, 2022. "Enabling Technologies for Energy Communities: Some Experimental Use Cases," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-26, August.

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