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A Discrete-Event Based Power Management System Framework for AC Microgrids

Author

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  • Paolo C. Erazo Huera

    (Electrical Engineering Program, COPPE/UFRJ, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil)

  • Thamiris B. de Paula

    (Electrical Engineering Program, Poli/UFRJ, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil)

  • João M. T. do Amaral

    (Electrical Engineering Program, COPPE/UFRJ, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil)

  • Thiago M. Tuxi

    (Control and Automation Engineering Program, CEFET/RJ, Federal Center of Technological Education, Rio de Janeiro 20271-004, RJ, Brazil)

  • Gustavo S. Viana

    (Electrical Engineering Program, COPPE/UFRJ, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil
    Electrical Engineering Program, Poli/UFRJ, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil)

  • Emanuel L. van Emmerik

    (Electrical Engineering Program, COPPE/UFRJ, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil)

  • Robson F. S. Dias

    (Electrical Engineering Program, COPPE/UFRJ, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil
    Electrical Engineering Program, Poli/UFRJ, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil)

Abstract

This paper presents a practical framework for the design and real-time implementation of a Power Management System (PMS) for microgrids based on Supervisory Control Theory (SCT) for discrete-event systems. A detailed step-by-step methodology is provided, which covers the entire process from defining discrete events, modeling microgrid components, synthesizing supervisory controllers, and realizing them in MATLAB (R2024b) Stateflow. This methodology is applied to a case study, where a decentralized supervisor controller is designed for a microgrid containing a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), a generator set (Genset), a wind and a solar generation system, critical loads, and noncritical loads. Unlike previous works based on SCT, the proposed PMS addresses the following functionalities: ( i ) grid-connected and islanded operation; ( i i ) peak shaving; ( i i i ) voltage support; ( i v ) load shedding. Finally, a CHIL testing is employed to validate the synthesized SCT-based PMS.

Suggested Citation

  • Paolo C. Erazo Huera & Thamiris B. de Paula & João M. T. do Amaral & Thiago M. Tuxi & Gustavo S. Viana & Emanuel L. van Emmerik & Robson F. S. Dias, 2025. "A Discrete-Event Based Power Management System Framework for AC Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-31, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:15:p:3964-:d:1709260
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Younes Zahraoui & Ibrahim Alhamrouni & Saad Mekhilef & M. Reyasudin Basir Khan & Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian & Alex Stojcevski & Ben Horan, 2021. "Energy Management System in Microgrids: A Comprehensive Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-33, September.
    2. Hirsch, Adam & Parag, Yael & Guerrero, Josep, 2018. "Microgrids: A review of technologies, key drivers, and outstanding issues," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 402-411.
    3. Cagnano, A. & De Tuglie, E. & Mancarella, P., 2020. "Microgrids: Overview and guidelines for practical implementations and operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    4. Karan Singh Joshal & Neeraj Gupta, 2023. "Microgrids with Model Predictive Control: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-26, June.
    5. Amrutha Raju Battula & Sandeep Vuddanti & Surender Reddy Salkuti, 2021. "Review of Energy Management System Approaches in Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-32, September.
    6. Felix Garcia-Torres & Ascension Zafra-Cabeza & Carlos Silva & Stephane Grieu & Tejaswinee Darure & Ana Estanqueiro, 2021. "Model Predictive Control for Microgrid Functionalities: Review and Future Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-26, February.
    7. Saif Jamal & Nadia M. L. Tan & Jagadeesh Pasupuleti, 2021. "A Review of Energy Management and Power Management Systems for Microgrid and Nanogrid Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-31, September.
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