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Modeling of a CO 2 -Based Integrated Refrigeration System for Supermarkets

Author

Listed:
  • Ángel Á. Pardiñas

    (SINTEF Energy Research, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1D, 7465 Trondheim, Norway)

  • Michael Jokiel

    (SINTEF Energy Research, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1D, 7465 Trondheim, Norway)

  • Christian Schlemminger

    (SINTEF Energy Research, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1D, 7465 Trondheim, Norway)

  • Håkon Selvnes

    (SINTEF Energy Research, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1D, 7465 Trondheim, Norway)

  • Armin Hafner

    (Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1D, 7491 Trondheim, Norway)

Abstract

An integrated energy system that consists of a centralized refrigeration unit can deliver the entire HVAC&R (heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration) demand for a supermarket. CO 2 (R744) is a natural refrigerant that is becoming increasingly popular for these centralized units due to significant energy and cost savings, while also being sustainable, safe, and non-toxic. This study focuses on the fully integrated CO 2 refrigeration system configuration for a supermarket in Porto de Mos, Portugal, which was equipped and fully monitored through the EU-funded project MultiPACK. A dynamic system model was developed in Modelica and validated against measurement data from the site recorded for one week. The model is used to provide additional ejector performance data supporting the obtained measurement data and to evaluate the system configuration at equivalent boundary conditions. The simulation results show that the installation of a vapor ejector (high-pressure lift) is sufficient to improve the efficiency of the unit compared to an ejector-less (high-pressure valve) system. However, more notable enhancements are achieved by including additional flooded evaporation with liquid ejectors and smart regulation of the receiver pressure, adding up to a global efficiency increase of 15% if compared to the high-pressure valve system during the validation week.

Suggested Citation

  • Ángel Á. Pardiñas & Michael Jokiel & Christian Schlemminger & Håkon Selvnes & Armin Hafner, 2021. "Modeling of a CO 2 -Based Integrated Refrigeration System for Supermarkets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-21, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:21:p:6926-:d:661843
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paride Gullo & Armin Hafner & Krzysztof Banasiak & Silvia Minetto & Ekaterini E. Kriezi, 2019. "Multi-Ejector Concept: A Comprehensive Review on its Latest Technological Developments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-29, January.
    2. Gullo, Paride & Tsamos, Konstantinos M. & Hafner, Armin & Banasiak, Krzysztof & Ge, Yunting T. & Tassou, Savvas A., 2018. "Crossing CO2 equator with the aid of multi-ejector concept: A comprehensive energy and environmental comparative study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 236-263.
    3. Michal Haida & Rafal Fingas & Wojciech Szwajnoch & Jacek Smolka & Michal Palacz & Jakub Bodys & Andrzej J. Nowak, 2019. "An Object-Oriented R744 Two-Phase Ejector Reduced-Order Model for Dynamic Simulations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-24, April.
    4. Haida, Michal & Smolka, Jacek & Hafner, Armin & Ostrowski, Ziemowit & Palacz, Michał & Madsen, Kenneth B. & Försterling, Sven & Nowak, Andrzej J. & Banasiak, Krzysztof, 2018. "Performance mapping of the R744 ejectors for refrigeration and air conditioning supermarket application: A hybrid reduced-order model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 933-948.
    5. M. Gräber & K. Kosowski & C. Richter & W. Tegethoff, 2010. "Modelling of heat pumps with an object-oriented model library for thermodynamic systems," Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical Systems, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(3), pages 195-209, May.
    6. Haida, Michal & Smolka, Jacek & Hafner, Armin & Ostrowski, Ziemowit & Palacz, Michal & Nowak, Andrzej J. & Banasiak, Krzysztof, 2018. "System model derivation of the CO2 two-phase ejector based on the CFD-based reduced-order model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 941-956.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lawrence Drojetzki & Mieczyslaw Porowski, 2023. "Outdoor Climate as a Decision Variable in the Selection of an Energy-Optimal Refrigeration System Based on Natural Refrigerants for a Supermarket," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-24, April.

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